PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PREGNANCY

By 28-34 wks gestation in a normal pregnancy, blood volume has increased by approximately a 10-20% b. 30-50% c. 60-80%

During pregnancy the position for optimum maternal cardiac output is a. lateral b. semi-fowler's c. supine

During labor, maternal cardiac output a. decreases slightly b. increases progressively c. remains the same

An IV fluid bolus is given before epidural anesthesia yo prevent a. hypotension b. renal hypoperfusion c. sympathetic block

Normally during pregnancy, maternal sitting and standing diastolic blood pressure readings a. decrease, then increase b. increase progressively c. remain unchanged

The volume of maternal autotransfusion immediately after birth is approximately a. 600ml b. 800ml c. 1000ml

What happens to maternal PaO2 and PaCO2 levels during pregnancy? a. both decrease b. both increase c. PaO2 increases and PaCO2 decreases

The slight increase in pH that occurs during pregnancy is due to a. a decrease in Hgb and Hct b. a decrease in renal excretion of bicarbonate c. an increase in ventilatory rate

During pregnancy, serum urea and creatinine levels a.decrease b. increase c. remain constant

Heartburn is common during pregnancy due primarily to a. decreased gastric motility b. increased secretion of hydrochloric acid c. relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter

A physical finding that may occur during pregnancy in response to norma l ardiovascular change is a. decreased heart rate b. dependent edema c. elevated blood pressure

The average blood loss during vaginal birth is a. 300-400ml b. 500-600ml c. 700-800ml

The average blood loss during a cesarean birth is a. 600ml b. 800ml c. 1000ml

During pregnancy, cardiac output increasesapproximately a. 10-20% b. 30-50% c. 60-75%

Cardiac output is greatest during which period of the birth process? a. first stage, active phase b. immediately after birth c. second stage