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What is logic?
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Logic is the systematic study of reasoning
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3.
How does logic differ from psychology?
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Psychology studies human thinking as it actually is,
with all of its errors and imperfections. Logic, on the other hand, is the
study of the standards of correct reasoning. psychology is concerned
with what is, while logic is
concerned with what ideally ought to be.
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2.
What is reasoning?
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Conlude something based on something else. IE hear the dog barking conlude that someone is appraoching. IE see the blue sky and conlcude that it is not going to rain
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4.
What is an argument?
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If we want to rason with another person, then we must put it into words. An arguement is just reasoning put into words. Therefore it can be studied
none or more premises, offered in support of a conclusion, together with the claim, either explicit or implicit, that the premises support the conclusion, that is, that the premises give us reason or evidence to believe that the conclusion is true. |
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5.
How does an argument differ from a nonargument?
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If the premise is true then the conclusion must be true as wel. It has both a premise and conclusion. IE A possum is a cute, small animal is not an argument
Essentially, in the case of an ar-gument— but not in the case of a nonargument— someone is off ering one or more reasons to believe that a statement is true. |
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6.
What are the parts of an argument?
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Every arguement has two parts. One part presents the resasons or evidence for the conlucsion. The second part gives the conclusion based on the evidence. stories, commands and questions are also not arguments
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7.
What is a declarative sentence?
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A declarative sentence expresses a claim that is either true or false.
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8.
List four different types of sentences.
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A declarative sentence expresses a claim that is either true or false.2. An imperative sentence, such as “ Close the door!” expresses a command. Because commands are neither true nor false, imperative sentences are not declarative. If someone said to you, “ Close the door,” you would not reply, “ Th at’s true.” 3. An interrogatory sentence, such as “ What time is it?” expresses a question. Because questions are neither true nor false, this type of sentence is not de-clarative.4.An exclamatory sentence, such as “ Ouch!” is used to express an emotion or a feeling; exclamatory sentences are obviously neither true nor false. 5. A performative sentence is used to perform an action, for instance, to make a promise (“ I promise to be good”), to name something (“ I christen this ‘ Th e Good Ship Lollipop’”),
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9.
How do declarative sentences differ from other types
of sentences?
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A
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10. What is a premise indicator?
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NPremise indicators are words or phrases used
in the context of an argument
indicating that a premise is about to be given. Examples of premise
indicators would be “because,” “since,” and “for.” Words like these, in the
context of an argument, indicate that a premise is about to be given.
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11.
What is a conclusion indicator?
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Words or phrases used in an arguement that explain that a conclusion is about to be given. Examples include, therefore, thus and in conclusion
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12. List three premise indicators.
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Because, since and for
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13. List three conclusion indicators.
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Therfore, thus and in conclusion
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14. What is an inductive argument? What a strong inductive arguement and a weak inductive argument?
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If the premises are true than the conclusion is probably true. If the claim that a premise it true is incorrect that it is a weak inductive arguement.
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15.
What is a deductive argument?
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If the premises are true than the conclusion must be true. If it claims to be true and it actually is true then it is a valid deductive argument. Thus in a valid deductive argument, it its not possible that the premises are true while the conclusions are false. An invalid deductive arguement it is possible that the premise is ture but the conclusion is false
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