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Cards In This Set
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What are Thomson's Two Main points on abortion?
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1. Grants that fetuses have a full set of rights at conception, including right to life.
2. Even if fetus has a full set of rights, including right to life, abortion is sometimes morally acceptable. |
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What are the 5 most extreme views on abortion?
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1. Actively killing an innocent is always wrong.
2. Actively killing is less acceptable than letting die. 3. Abortion is actively killing an innocent. 4. Not aborting is only letting the mother die. 5. In that situation abortion is always worse than not aborting. |
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Describe the 'Violinist Scenario"
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A group of music activists kidnap you and hook you up to the violinist in order to save his life, are you morally obligated to stay attached against your will?
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What would cause Thomson to say it's okay to detach from the violinist?
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If you were to die from the connection, because you have a right to life. -therefore woman has the right to abort when the fetus would kill the woman.
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What is the 'Growing Baby inside the house" Scenario?
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A baby is growing inside the house where you reside, and it will not stop growing and eventually crush you.
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In the situation of the baby in the house scenario, do you have the right to kill the baby in order to escape alive?
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Thomson says yes, you have the right to live.
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What does Thomson say in the case of rape of a woman?
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You have the right to abort because you 'did not invite' the baby into your body. 'You do not owe the fetus anything'
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What is Henry Fonda's Cold hand scenario? And does fonda owe them anything?
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A sick person only needs his hand across his brow to survive, but does fonda owe him the hand? He owes the sick person nothing, the sick person has no RIGHT to fonda's hand.
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Explain the difference between the fetus being invited or uninvited.
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Invited; the woman wants to be pregnant, and does what she can to get pregnant.
Uninvited: she used protection to avoid pregnancy, or in the case of rape. |
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Why does Warren say the Violinist scenario only works with rape cases, and not non-rape cases?
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In non-rape cases it conflicts with the woman's right to determine her reproductive history, and right to change her mind.
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According to Warren why is being a human poor criterion for being in the moral community?
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1. Being human is not sufficient - if line is drawn there we will include things that OUGHT NOT TO BE INCLUDED (like babies without brains, brain dead humans)
2. Being human is not neccesary - if we draw the line there we will excluded things THAT OUGHT TO BE INCLUDED (animals belong, aliens if concious would belong too) |
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What is Warren's Criterion for being included in the moral community?
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Possessing Personhood: having some of these features: sentience, emotionality, reason, communication capacity, self-awareness, moral agency. (personhood does not mean humanhood)
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According to Warren what makes it okay to abort early fetuses?
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They do not have enough of the attributes to belong in the moral community.
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Explain why actual personhood outweighs potential personhood in abortion.
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Fetuses are always only potentially full persons, actual personhood outweighs their rights. Same goes with infants (might be justified - but there may be reasons to avoid infanticide)
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What moral philosophy does Carruthers follow, and explain what it means.
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Contractarian: Morality comes from a contract between rational beings.
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