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Cards In This Set
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How many people have diabetes? what type is more common?
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23.6 million people. We see mostly type 2 diabetes. ONly 5-10 percent have type one
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What happens with type one diabetes?
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Juvenile onset is most common
Lack of insulin Pancreas cells (Beta-cells) are attacked by antibodies |
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When does type 2 occur? How?
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Adult onset
Body is not using insulin effectively Resistance to insulin Impaired insulin secretion |
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What type is treated more with oral agents?
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Type 2
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T OR F you can use oral agents to treat type one diabetes
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Nope-it wont do any good!
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Type 1 diabetes treated with...
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Insulin
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Major risk factors-
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Family history of diabetes (parents or siblings)
Obesity ( >= 20% over desired body weight, or body mass index (BMI)>=27 kg/m2) Habitual physical inactivity Race: African-Americans, Hispanic-Americans, American Indian, Asian-Americans, Pacific Islanders Previously identified impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance Hypertension (>=140/90 in adults) HDL cholesterol level =<35 mg/dl and/or triglyceride level >=250 mg/dl History of gestational diabetes or delivery of babies over 9 pounds |
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Diagnose DM how?
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Fasting plasma glucose
casual plasma glucose OGTT glycosylated Hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1C) |
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Glucose conforms with hemoglobin---to directly correlate glucose levels over a 3 month span.
what test is this? |
Glycosylated hemaglobin (hemoglobin A1C)
so patients cant cheat anymore |
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Level you want to see for hemoglobin A1C
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6.5-7
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Who do we screen?
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Kids. or people who are symptomatic (aka polyuria or polidipsia)
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Type two-who do you screen?
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Predisposing factors for diabiets--screen every 3 years
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Prediabetes? when do you screen?
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Q1 year. unless changes are made they will develop problems.
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3 ways to be diagnosed
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Casual plasma glucose >=200 mgldl + symptoms
Fasting plasma glucose >=126 mg/dl 2- hour plasma glucose >=200 mg/dl Must be confirmed on a subsequent day |
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Pre diabetes
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--have impaired fasting glucose test...but arent in criteria yet
Impaired fasting glucose: fasting plasma glucose 110-125 mg/dl Impaired glucose tolerance: 2-hour plasma glucose 140-200 mg/dl |
