Personality Psychology- Chapter 7

-single-trait approach- focusing on 1 particular trait of interest & learning as much as possible about its behavioural correlates, developmental antecedents, & life consequences-many-trait approach- focuses on a particular behaviour & investigates its correlates with as many traits as possible, in order to explain the basis of the behaviour & illuminate the workings of personality-essential-trait approach- attempts to narrow the list of thousands of trait terms into a shorter list of the ones that really matter-typological approach- focuses on identifying types of individuals. each type is characterised by a particular pattern of traits

- authoritarianism: turn ones will over to an external authority to avoid having to make personal choices; enjoy giving orders, which they expect to be followed without question- conscientiousness & integrity: used to predict absenteeism, job performance etc.- self-monitoring: the degree to which inner & outer selves & behaviours are the same or different across situations

A set of 100 descriptive items that comprehensively cover the personality domain e.g. is critical, skeptical, not easily impressed

-delay of gratification-drug abuse-depression-political orientation

-conscientiousness: -extraversion: social, out going, active, outspoken, dominant, adventurous-neuroticism: emotional stability-agreeableness: conformity, compliance, likeability, warmth-openness to experience: intellect

-well adjusted-maladjusted overcontrolling-maladjusted undercontrolling

Keeps developing across entire lifespan ( stability increases with age)