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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Anterior pituitary
1. Location
2. Embryology
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1. Sella turcica
2. Rathke's pouch
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Main inhibitory hormone
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Prolactin
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The 2 acidophilic cells in the anterior pit
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Somatotrophs
lactotrophs
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ADH increases when?
(4)
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1. increased plasma oncoid press
2. low blood volume
3. exercise
4. certain emotional states
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The most common cause of hyperpituitarism
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Adenoma of the anterior pituitary
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Most pituitary adenomas are isolated lesions, but 3% are assoc with...
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MEN type I
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These are often silent and hormone-negative tumors.
Size?
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Macroadenomas
> 1 cm
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Most anterior pituitary hormones are confined to the sella turcica. Some larger ones may compress the optic chiasm. ________ may infitrate bone, dura, or brain, but will not ____________.
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Invasive adenomas
Metastasize
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Most frequent type of hyperfunctioning adenoma
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Prolactinoma
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Usually, pituitary adenomas release one type of hormone from one cell. The most common combo if it's multiple hormones
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GH, prolactin
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Prolactinomas often undergo this reaction
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Dystrophic calcification
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Prolactinoma
Clinical finding
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Amenorrhea
Galactorrhea
Loss of libido
Infertility
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Treat prolactinoma
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1. surgery
2. bromocriptine
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Lactotroph hyperplasia
Cause
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1. Dopamine inhibits prolactin. If this is messed up, lactotrophs grow.
2. Stalk Effect
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What is the stalk effect?
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Any suprasellar mass may disturb the normal inhbitory effect of the hypothalamus on prolactin secretion
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