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Cards In This Set
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What is listing's plane?
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Plane normal to the visual axis passing through the center of rotation of the eyerotations around these axis define secondary positions of gazeTertiary positions of gaze are OBLIQUELine of site = XUp and down = Zhorizontal = Y
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What are DUCTIONS?
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monocular rotationab= around the Z axis AWAY from the midlineAD = around the Z axis TOWARD the midlineElevation: around the Y axis: upDepression: around the Y axis: DOWNIncyclorsion: around the X axis upper eye inwardExcyclotorsion: around the X axis upper eye outward
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Versions:
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binocular movements resulting in the visual axes of BOTH eyes moving in the SAME direction
CONJUGATE movementsdextroversion: to the RIGHT (rotation around the Z axis)levoversion: to the LEFT (rotating around the Z axis) Dextrocycloversion: rotating both eyes RIGHT around the X axis so upper part to pt. right Levocycloversion: rotationg both eyes around X axis so upper part to pt. Left Dextrocycloversion and levocycloversion = like windshield wipers. :) |
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Vergence:
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disconjugate movments of the two eyesThe visual axes of the two eyes move in OPPOSITE directions
Convergence: rotation around the Z axis TOWARD the midline Divergence: rotation around the Z axis AWAY from the midline Incyclovergence: rotation around the X axis so top of both eyes tilted INWARD Excyclovergence: rotation around the X axis so top of both eyes pointed OUTWARD |
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What are the 6 EOMs?
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Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique
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Superior rectus
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Primary: elevationSecondary: intorsionTertiary: aDductioninserts on the top of the eye: 23 degrees from the visual axisCNIII
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Inferior rectus:
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Primary: depressionSecondary: extorsiontertiary: aDduction
forms angle of 23 degrees with the visual axisinserted on the BOTTOM of the eyeCNIII |
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Medial rectus:
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Primary: ADductioninserted on the medial portion of the eyeCNIII
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Lateral rectus
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ABducts the eyeinserts on lateral portion of the eyeCN6
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Superior oblique:
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Inserts on the SUPERIOR eye after passing through the troclea in the back upper temporal regionPrimary: INTORSIONSecondary: depressionTertiary: aBduction51-55degrees toward the nose is it's primary actionCNIV
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Inferior oblique:
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Posterior inferior temporal portion of the eye: angle of 51 degreesPrimary: EXTORTIONSecondary: ElevationTertiary: ABduction
CNIII |
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Where do the superior and inferior recti muscles attach?
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anterior portion of the globe: anterior to the equatorSUperior rectus: anterior lateral globeInferior rectus: anterior lateral globe
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Where do the OBLIQUE muscles attach?
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posterior the equator of the globeSuperior oblique: posterior lateral sideInferior oblique: posterior lateral side
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Hering's law of equal innervation:
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muscles work in pairs to move the eyeSynergistic cooperation allow for highly precise muscle control and single visionThe two yoked muscles receive equal innervation: paired are the LR and MR, SR and IO, IR and SO
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Donder's law
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The orientation of the eyes in 3 dimensions will be determined UNIQUELY for any direction of gaze.
This orientation is always the same (for that unique gaze) regardless of where the eye was initially positioned before the gaze. The path or starting location is not important to eh orientation at the final destination |
