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Teams versus Groups
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Teams have...Common PurposeMutual AccountabilityTask interdependance
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Causes of Team Cohesiveness
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Member similarityMember interactionTeam successTeam sizeExternal challengesSomewhat difficult entry
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Team Decision Making Problems
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GroupThinkGroup polarizationSocial LoafingTime Constraints Evaluation Apprehension
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Conditions for Social Loafing
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Low task importanceLow accountabilityLow task interdependence Individual input not visiblelow collectivist values
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Team cohesiveness
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The degree of attraction to and desire to remain a team. It is both calculative (team will help achieve goals) and emotional (team social identity)
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Conditions for Team Effectiveness
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1. Trust among members2. Sense of group identity (norms)3.Sense of group efficacy
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Homogeneous Teams
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Less conflict, faster development, better at simple tasks, less creative, efficient coordination (as opposed to heterogeneous teams that have more conflict, slower development, better at complex tasks, and more creativity)
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Seabiscuit and Team Cohesiveness
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Cohesiveness is demonstrated through a team that shares information (Ret admits to being blind), desires to remain a team (Charles keeps team intact), has strong bonds (public statement that Red will remain), resolves conflict effectively, and creates external threats (public challenge to War Admiral).
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Lessons from seabiscuit
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1. Ability to deal with adversity matters2. Find & leverage complimentary skills3. Support systems, trust, allowing mistakes - all drive innovation,inspiration and committment
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Team Norms Develop Through...
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1.Initial team experiences2.Critical events in team history3.Values brought into team by individuals4.Influential leaders, members, organizations
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Effective Teams
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1. Focus on efforts2. Open communication3.Quality of climate they operate in
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Trouble with teams
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Some tasks are better competed by an individualprocess losseslack of organizational supportsocial loafing
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5 Dysfunctions of a Team
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1. Absence of trust2.Fear of conflict3. Lack of committment4. Avoidance of accountability5. Inattention to results
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Team stages
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1. Forming2. Storming3. Norming4. Performing (clearly defined and stated goals, coordinated activities, we act as a team rather than individuals)5. Adjourning
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Maslow's Needs Hierarchy Theory
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Physiological -> Safety -> Belongingness -> Esteem -> Self Actualization
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