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Cards In This Set
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Appetite
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A psychological desire to consume specific food
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Hunger
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A psychological sensation that prompts us to eat
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Hypothalamus
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A region of the forebrain below the thalamus where visceral sensations, such as hunger and thirst, are regulated
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Hormone
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Chemical messenger that is secreted into the bloodstream by one of the many glands of the body and acts as a regulator in the physiological processes at a site remote from the gland that secrete it.
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Tissue
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Group of cells that perform particular set of functions; ex. muscle tissue
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Organ
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Two or more tissues performing specific function; ex. esophagus
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System
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A group of organs that work together to perform unique function; ex. Gastrointestinal system
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Gastrointestinal (GI) tract
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A long, muscular tube consisting of several organs: the mought, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine; process of digestion, absorption and elimination take place here
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Sphincter
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A tight ring of muscle separating some of the organs of the GI tract and opening response nerve signals indicating that food is already to pass into the next section
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Cephalic phase
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Earliest phase of digestion in which the brain thinks about and prepares the digestive organs for the consumption of food
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Saliva
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A mixture of water, mucus, enzymes and other chemicals that moisten the mouth and food, binds food particles together, and begins the digestion of carbohydrates
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Salivary glands
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A group of glands found under and behind the tongue and beneath the jaw that release saliva continually, as well as in response to thought, sight, smell or presence of food
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Bolus
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A mouthful of chewed moistened food that has been swallowed
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Esophagus
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Muscular tube of the GI tract connecting the back of the mouth to the stomach
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Peristalsis
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Waves of squeezing and pushing contractions that move food in one direction through the length of the GI tract
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