Kinesiology West - Muscle Actions & Attachments

A: Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column to same side, Bilaterally: extends the vertebral column
O: Common tendon (thoracolumbar aponeurosis) that attaches to the posterior surface of the sacrum, iliac crest, spinous processes of T10-L5
I: Various attachments of posterior ribs, spinous & transverse processes of thoracic & cervical vertebrae, mastoid process of temporal bone

From lateral to medial, the erector spinae muscles can be remembered using the mnemonic, "I Long for Spinach" for Illiocostalis, Longissimus and Spinalis

A: Flex the vertebral column, Tilt the pelvis posteriorly (forward)
O: Pubic Crest, Pubic Symphysis
I: Cartilage of 5th, 6th & 7th ribs, xyphoid process

A: Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column to same side, rotate the vertebral column to the same side Bilaterally: flex the vertebral column, compress abdominal contents
O: lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest & thoracolumbar fascia
I: internal surface of lower 3 ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

A: Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column to same side, rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side Bilaterally: flex the vertebral column, compress abdominal contents
O: external surfaces of 5th to 12th ribs
I: anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

A: Unilaterally: laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis, laterally flex vertebral column to same side Bilaterally: assist to extend the vertebral column, fix the last rib during forced inhalation & exhalation
O: posterior iliac crest
I: last rib and transverse processes of L1-L4

A: All Fibers: extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip Lower Fibers: adduct the hip
O: coccyx, edge of sacrum,posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
I: iliotibial tract (upper fibers), gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)

A: With Origin Fixed: flex the hip, may laterally rotate the hip With Insertion Fixed: flex the trunk toward the thigh, tilt the pelvis anteriorly (back) Unilaterally: assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine
O: Psoas Major: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) Iliacus: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter

A: All Fibers: abduct the hip Anterior Fibers: flex and medially rotate the hip Posterior Fibers: extend and laterally rotate the hip
O: Outer surface of ilium between posterior and middle gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter

Gluteus Medius is an antagonist to itself; the anterior and posterior fibers do the opposite actions.

A: Laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip when hip is flexed
O: Anterior surface of the sacrum
I: Superior aspect of the greater trochanter

A: Flex the hip, Medially rotate the hip, abduct the hip
O: Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
I: Iliotibial Tract

A: Invert the foot, plantar flex the ankle
O: Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
I: All five tarsal bones and bases of 2nd through 4th metatarsals

A: Evert the foot, assist to plantar flex the ankle
O: Head and proximal 2/3 of fibula
I: Bases of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

A: Extend the 2nd through 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, evert the foot
O: Lateral condyle of the Tibia, proximal anterior shaft of the fibula, interosseous membrane
I: Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes

A: Extend the 2nd through 5th fingers, assist to extend the wrist
O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I: Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th fingers

A: Flex and abduct the wrist, may assist to flex the elbow
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of the humerus
I: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals