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TONALITY
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The gravatational pull of music toward a tonal center.
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ARIA
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A lyrical song found in operas, cantatas, and oratorios.
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POLYPHONIC
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Two ore more independent, simultaneous sounding melodies.
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RECITATIVE
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A vocal solo in opera, cantats, and oratorios that declaims the text in a sung-speech manner, in free rhythm with minimal accompainment.
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ORATORIO
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An extended, sacred choral work intended for concert performance.
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CHORALE
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Originally a hymn tune of the German Lutehran Church sung by the congregation in unison and in German.
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STROPHIC
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A musical structure in which the same music is used for each stanza of a ballad, song, or hymn.
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MODES
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A scale, key , or tonality.
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FIGURED BASS
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A bass line with numbers written below certain notes of as a musical shorhand to indicate the harmonics.
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MODULATION
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To change from one key to another.
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DANCE SUITE
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A multimovement work for keyboard or orchestra.
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DOMINANT
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A chord built on the fifth degree of the major and minor scale.
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TONIC
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The first and most important note of the major and minor scale.
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HOMOPHONIC
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A melody that is supported by harmony.
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OVERTURE
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A festive opening to an opera or other musical stage production.
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