Music 100 Final (Romantic Period)

1820-1900

-age of innovation and individualism -variety of textures -thick, dark sonorities (sounds/chords)

most prolific lieder (romantic music songs; art songs) composers (appx 600 examples) -The Erkling: a German lied based on a poem by Goethe;creature that haunts forests and carries off travelers to their deaths

Piano

-music critic helped careers of Brahms and Chopin -husband of clara schumann -wrote lieder -romantic traditionalist -injured his hand and could no longer perform on piano

Piano
-composed only for Piano -used "rubato"(refers to slight speeding up or slowing down of tempo of a piece at discretion of conductor) -music sounded improvised when performed

Piano
inventor of symphonic poem -great pianist -composer of very difficult piano works -father in law of richard wagner

-romantic traditionalist -revived music of Bach -composed famous violin concerto -1st to use baton when conducting -composed for every medium except opera

-inventor of program symphony (type of art music intended to evoke extra-musical ideas, images in the mind of the listener by musically representing a scene, image or mood -composed "Symphony Fantastique": It is widely regarded as one of the most important and representative pieces of the early Romantic period, -used idee fixe in all 5 movements (fixed idea/recurrent theme) -master orchestrator -creator of modern orchestra

-National composer from Czech. -composed The Moldau

music inspired by on-musical outside stimulus

-one-movement work that depicts a story by using music only

a multi-movement work that depicts a story by using music only

-composer symphonic poems in late 19th century -composed ALSO SPRACH ZARATHUSTRA(proposed as a new national anthem for Germany during the Nazi regime. ) AND SALOME (where Salome declares her love to the severed head of John the Baptist.)

-cosmopolitan nationalist and romantic traditionalist -composed 6 numbered symphonies -3 famous ballets: 1. Nutcracker 2. Swan Lake 3. Sleeping Beauty -2 Concert overatures: romeo and juliet (symphonic poem), 1812 Overature (used cannon Fire) -born near Ukraine, medical training, homosexual practices,

-romantic traditionalist. called "one of the 3 B's in Music-Bach, Beethoven, and Brahms -German composer of 4 great symphonies -His 1st symphony was called beethoven's 10th -his symphonies ended movements quietly -e used larger orchestra than beethoven -he used the tuba -he also composed lieder

-his music constitutes the end of romanticism -music inspired by beethoven's music -he composed 9 symphonies -they were very long -he used enormous orchestras -he added human voices to some of his symphonies -he liked exaggerated and distortion