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Cards In This Set
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The Muscular System
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Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement
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Three basic muscle types are found in the body
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Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
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Characteristics of Muscles
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-Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber)
- Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of microfilaments
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Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
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-Most are attached by tendons to bones
-Cells are multinucleate
-Striated—have visible banding
-Voluntary—subject to conscious control
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Endomysium
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Encloses a single muscle fiber
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Perimysium
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Wraps around a fascicle (bundle) of muscle fibers
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Epimysium
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Covers the entire skeletal muscle
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Fascia
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On the outside of the epimysium
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Skeletal Muscle Attachments
Tendons
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Cord-like structures
Mostly collagen fibers
Often cross a joint due to toughness and small size
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Skeletal Muscle Attachments
Aponeuroses
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Sheet-like structures
Attach muscles indirectly to bones, cartilages, or connective tissue coverings
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Skeletal Muscle Functions
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Produce movement
Maintain posture
Stabilize joints
Generate heat
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Skeletal Muscle Attachments
-Sites of muscle attachment
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-Bones
-Cartilages
-Connective tissue coverings
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Smooth Muscle Characteristics
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Lacks striations
Spindle-shaped cells
Single nucleus
Involuntary—no conscious control
Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs
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Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
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Striations
Usually has a single nucleus
Branching cells
Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc
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Sarcolemma
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Specialized plasma membrane
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