Molecular Biology Protein Synthesis Genetic Code Flashcards

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22 cards | Total Attempts: 189 | Created by reganprep | Last updated: Dec 27, 2020 | Total Attempts: 189

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Where Does The DNA Reside?

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Cards In This Set

Front	Back
Where does the DNA reside?	DNA resides in the nucleus.
Where does the DNA code information?	DNA codes information in genes.
Inside the nucleus, what do the DNA genes get transcribed into?	Inside the nucleus, the DNA genes get transcribed into RNA (messenger RNAs or mRNAs).
From the nucleus, where do the mRNAs get transported to?	The mRNAs get transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
What is translation?	Translation is the process where ribosomes read off the mRNAs to make proteins.
How are proteins synthesized? What are they used for?	Protein: synthesized by ribosomes. They are the end product of what's encoded in the genes and they perform all the functions in the cell.
What are codons?	Codon: The mRNA is a sequence of nucleotides, but it codes for a sequence of amino acids. To do this, every 3 nucleotide codes for an amino acid. These triplets of nucleotides are called codons.
How many codons does a single mRNA contain?	A single mRNA contains many codons.
How are codons continuous?	Codons are continuous because one codon follows right after another. There're no nucleotides in between.
How are codons non-overlapping?	Codons are non-overlapping because the 3 nucleotides that consist of one codon never serve as part of another codon.
How are codons degenerate?	Codons are degenerate because more than one codons code for a given amino acid.
What is an anticodon?	An anticodon is the 3 bases on the "tip" of the tRNA.
Where is the anticodon and the corresponding amino acid placed in a tRNA?	A single tRNA contains a single anticodon at the "tip" and the corresponding amino acid at the"tail".
What is the namture of anticodons with respect to their corresponding codons?	Anticodons are complementary to their corresponding codon.
What is the codon-anticodon relationship?	The codon-anticodon relationship: During translation, codons pair with anticodons so that the correct amino acids can be linked to a given codon.