MKSAP Key Points Nephro, Neuro, ID, Endo

Alkalinziation of urine to get Ph> 6 will reduce uric acid stonesalso need to decrease Na intakewhat is med that will alkalinize?

In pan hypo pit replace what hormone first?pt with sheehans, low BP, low cortisol, low FSH, LH

Amenorrhea, a postpartum inability to lactate, and fatigue due to central hypothyroidism or secondary adrenal insufficiency. dx?

___most commonly affects the kidneys and may cause significant hypertension, kidney insufficiency, and renal vasculitis with classic angiographic findings. what is dx and test of choice for this htn pt with mononeuritis multiplex

Hypocomplementemia and dysmorphic erythrocytes and erythrocyte casts seen on urinalysis.

Muddy brown casts on urinlalysis

Hyaline casts, hx N/V, FENa <1% if CKD pt then may have higher FeNa but still be pre renal

Microscopic hematuria, hypertension, edema, proteinuria, and elevated serum creatinine level are consistent with this condition. ___ is the most common cause of primary nephrotic syndrome in the United States, especially in black individuals. pt just had transplant for FSGS

Empiric treatment of chronic cough in a nonsmoking patient not taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor who has a normal chest radiograph begins with treatment for upper airway cough syndrome.

IF PT HAS MCI IE MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIREMENT, BEST TX IS

Which nephrotic syndroem assoc with renal vein thrombosis

If a pt with MRI consistent with demylenation has an event of optic neuritis or symptoms of demylenation what is risk of developing MS in next 10-15 yrs?

(1) diplopia; (2) dysphonia; (3) dysarthria; (4) dysphagia; and (5) descending, symmetric flaccid paralysis that develops 12 to 72 hours after exposure. dx?

May be asymptomatic or may have a severe influenza-like illness with prominent fever, headache, and characteristic severe myalgia; a maculopapular truncal rash (50% of patients); and mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia and small elevations in serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels. travel to South America, day biting mosquite so night time mosquito net wont help

A neuromuscular junction disorder that causes progressive proximal muscle weakness and areflexia, precedes the clinical recognition of cancer in up to 50% of patients. pt also has anticholenergic symptoms of dry eyes, dry mouth, ED. CK level Normal, dx and hwo to make dx?