Microbiology1

The science of microorganisms ( very small, unicellular organisms)

Archea, Bacteria

Eujarya, Algae

Metabolism, Reproduction ( growth), differentiation, communication, movement and evolution

Metabolism: uptake of chemicals from the environment, their transformations within the cell and elimination of wastes into the environment ( cell is open system)

Differentation: formation of a new cell structure such as a spore usually as part of a pelliular life cycleCommuncation: cells communicate or interact primarily by means of chemicals that are realsed or taken up

Movement: living organisms are often capable of self-propulsionEvolution: cells evolve to display new biological properties. Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relationships between cells

Survival, maintainance, generation of ATP, sporadic growth ( generation of new cells)

Reproduction growth

- Microorganism were first life on earth- created the biosphere that allowed multicellular organisms to evolve-multicellular organisms evolved from microorganism- greater than 50% of biomass on earth is composed of microorganism, and are on earth forever

-early microscopes allowed first description of microbes: fruiting structures of molds

Improvement in lens construction allowed first description of bacteria ( teeth dirt)

-found field of bacteriology- discovered bacterial endospores ( boiled spores doesn't kill them)

-discovered that living organisms of discriminate between optical isomers ( they have preference)- discovered biological nature of alcoholic fermentation- disproved spontaneous generation and developed methods for controlling growth of microorganisms ( life can't be formed from nothing)- developed vaccines for anthrax, fowl chloera and rabies, germs originate from air

- Preventing dust from reaching liquid maintained sterility-Allowing dust to reach liquid produced turbidity, disproved spontaneous generation