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Cards In This Set
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Names of treatments that cause death of microbes have what suffix and what does it mean?
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-cide. It means "kill"
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What suffix describes treatments that inhibit the growth and multiplication of bacteria
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-stat or -stasis. meaning to stop or steady.
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Process of removing or killing all viable microorganisms (viable means capable of reproducing- including endospores). Employs either physical or chemical means, either by the removal of organisms from an object or by killing the organisms in situ, sometimes it can leave toxic breakdown products in the object. (LPS from outer membrane in Gram- bac)
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Sterilization
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Process of removing or killing most but not all visible organisms.
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Disinfection
employs either: chemical disinfectant-kills pathogens but may not kill viruses or spores physical process-such as boiling water, whuch reduces the load of viable microorganisms |
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Whats the difference between disinfectant & antiseptics?
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Disinfectant- whe n a chemical is used to remove microorganisms from an inert surface(floors,table, etc)
Antiseptic-chemical used to remove microorganism from living tissue. Used to reduce the number of viable organisms on the skin. Impossible to sterilize skin completely |
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Mechanical removal of most microbes in a limited area, such as the skin. Mechanical removal by an alcohol soaked swab. skin swabbed with alcohol before an injection
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Degerming
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Treatment intended to lower microbial counts on eaing and drinking utensils to safe public health levels in beauty salons, spas, restaurants etc.
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Sanitization
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Destruction of bacteria that can cause food contamination
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Commercial sterilization
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Name the influences that decide what meethod should e used for sterilization or disinfection
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Environmental influences(easier to sterlize a clean object than a dirty one), number (the more microbes there are to begin with the longer it takes to eliminate the entire population), time of exposure (depending how clean and the large the population is the treatments may require longer times for them to be effective
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Name the 6 physical methods of microbial control
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Heat filtration cold desiccation osmotic pressure radiation
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How does heat kill microorganisms
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Denaturing their enzymes.
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Kills vegative forms of bacteri, most virus and fungi and their spores after 10 minutes. there are some exceptions that take 30 minutes. Also a way to disinfect instruments
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Boiling
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Steam under pressure aids penetration of heat into the material being sterilized (such as dressings). The usual cycle is 121 C for 15 minutes is sufficient to kill the spores of C. botulinum. It is used to sterilize surgical instruments and dressings and heat-resistant pharmaceuticals. preferred method of sterilization because the material to be sterilized will not be damaged by heat and moisture
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Autoclave
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Prevention of spoilage by heating 50-60C. used for fluids to reduce bacteria. mild heating the killed the organism the caused the spoilae without seriously damaging the product and thus improving its self life. Today milk, ice cream, yogurt beer heated from 62.8-65.6 C for 30 min o r 72 C for 15 seconds. then kept below 10C
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Pasteurization (discovered by Pasteur , for the prevention of wine spoilage)
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Direct flaming- burning to ashes (bunsen burners-inoculating loops) incineration- burning to ashes (trash, contaminated dressing), hot air sterilization- more time than moist heat because the heat in the water is more readily transferred to a cool body than the heat in the air
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Dry heat sterilization
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