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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Ionic bond
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Two ions - a positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms - of opposite charge combine
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Covalent bond
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Atoms share pairs of electrons.
More common in organisms, and stronger than ionic bonds.
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Hydrogen bond
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Hydrogen atom, covalently bonded to one oxygen or nitrogen atom, is attracted to another oxygen or nitrogen atom. Prevalent in organisms, but very weak.
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Molecular weight
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Atomic weights of all atoms in the compound added together.
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Mole
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A mole of an atom, ion, or molecule is equal to its atomic weight or molecular weight expressed in grams.
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Diagram three basic types of chemical reactions
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Synthesis reaction: A + B --> AB
Decomposition reaction: AB --> A + B
Exchange reaction: AB + CD --> AD + BC
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Identify the role of enzymes in chemical reactions
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Enzymes are used in reactions to lower the activation energy, or the amount needed for the reaction to occur.
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Acid
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Compound that dissociates into H+ ions and anions (negative ions). It can also be defined as a proton donor
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Base
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Dissociates into OH- ions and cations (positive ions). A base is also known as a proton acceptor.
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Salt
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Dissociates into negative and positive ions, neither of which are H+ or OH-.
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PH
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The concentration of H+ in a solution, and a solution with a pH of 7 is neutral; a pH below 7 is acidic; and a pH above 7 is basic.
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Carbohydrates
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Consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen with C and O at a 2:1 ratio. Includes starches, sugars, and can be classifed as: monosaccharides, disaccharides or polysaccharides.
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Simple lipids
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One molecule of glycerol, three molecules of fatty acids. Insoluble in water.
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Phospholipids
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Proteins
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