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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
Nutrients:
|
Chemical
substance used by organisms for metabolism and growth
|
|
Essential
nutrients:
|
Cannot
be made by organism, must be supplied in diet
|
|
Macronutrients:
|
Required
in large amounts
|
|
Micronutrients or
trace elements:
|
•required
in much smaller amounts, important in enzyme activity
|
|
Growth
Requirements (10):
|
•Carbon
& Energy
•Nitrogen
•Oxygen
•Hydrogen
•Phosphorus
•Sulfur
•Trace
elements & Growth factors
•Temperature
•pH
•Water
(osmotic & hydrostatic pressures)
|
|
Sources
of carbon
Autotrophs:
|
Use
inorganic source of carbon (CO2)
|
|
–Sources
of carbonHeterotrophs :
|
Use
organic source of carbon (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are obtained from
other organisms)
|
|
Sources
of energy Chemotrophs:
|
Acquire
energy from aerobic respiration and fermentation
|
|
–Sources
of energyPhototrophs:
|
Acquire
energy from light
|
|
Nitrogen
fixation :
|
Conversion
of atmospheric nitrogen to a form usable by other organisms.
|
|
•Nitrogen is needed to
.....
|
Make proteins and nucleotides.
|
|
Obligate
aerobes-
|
Require
oxygen
|
|
Obligate
anaerobes-
|
Oxygen
is toxic, kills organism
|
|
Facultative anaerobes-
|
Use
both aerobic and anaerobic pathways depending on oxygen availability
|
|
Aerotolerant anaerobes-tolerate
|
Oxygen,
but use anaerobic pathways for metabolism
|
