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Learning
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Reflects relatively permanent changes in an employees knowledge or skill that result from experience
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Decision making
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Refers to the process pf generating and choosing from a set of alternatives to solve a problem
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Expertise
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Refers to the knowledge and skills that distinguish experts from novices and less experienced people
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Explicit Knowledge
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The information that's relatively easily communicated and a large part of what companies teach during training sessions. Ex) the textbook is communicating explicit knowledge that will be useful for future jobs
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Tacit Knowledge
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Is what employees can typically learn only through experience. Not easily communicated but may be the most important aspect of what we learn in organizations
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Operant Conditioning
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Says that we learn by observing the link btw our voluntary behavior and the consequences that follow it
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Contingencies of Reinforcement
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There are four specific consequences typically used by organizations to modify employee behavior: Positive Reinforcement, Extinction, Punishment, & Negative Reinforcement
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Positive Reinforcement
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Occurs when a positive outcome follows a desired behavior
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Negative Reinforcement
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Occurs when an unwanted outcome is removed following a desired behavior
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Punishment
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Occurs when an unwanted outcome follows an unwanted behavior
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Extinction
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Occurs when there is the removal of a consequence following an unwanted behavior
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Schedules of Reinforcement
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The timing of when the contingencies are applied
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Continuous Reinforcement
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The simplest schedule and happens when a specific consequence follows each and every occurrence of a desired behavior.
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Intermittent Reinforcement
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Happens when reinforcement does not follow each instace of desired behavior
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Fixed Interval Schedule
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Is where workers are rewarded after a certain amount of time and the length of the time btw reinforcement periods stays the same
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