Linguistic Exam Final

Linguistics, phonetic

69 cards   |   Total Attempts: 188
  

Related Topics

Cards In This Set

Front Back
What are semivowels? What do they look like on the spectrogram?
Semivowels/glides are really very short vowels which are acting phonologically as consonants. [w]=[u]; [j] = [i] • On the spectrogram glides have rapidly moving formants (depending on context) and less spectral energy than their corresponding vowels.
With your IPA chart, describe which vowels are high, low, rounded, unrounded front vowels?
Answer 2
See image
With your IPA chart, describe which vowels are high, low, rounded, unrounded central vowels?
Answer 3
See image
With your IPA chart, describe which vowels are high, low, rounded, unrounded back vowels?
Answer 4
See image
Length can be _______ or _________.
Length can be phonemic or phonetic: – English has a phonemic or phonological length contrastwhich is manifest with distinct vowel quality (sometimes called tense and lax) : eg. keep and kept, serene~serenity. – English also has a phonetic length: eg. bet, bed.
Vowels followed by ____ consonants are ______ than those followed by ______ consonants.
Vowels followed by voiced consonants are longer than those followed by voiceless consonants. • Canadian raising – long vowels have different quality before voiced and voiceless consonants. The vowel of knife is different (raised) from that of knives
Vowels are most frequently _____.
Vowels are most frequently voiced but may sometimes be allo-phonically voiceless – Japanese: hi vowels are voiceless between voiceless consonants: su˳kiyaki, hi˳to
How can we increase the possible number of vowel and consonant sounds?
we can increase the possible number of vowel and consonant sounds by the addition or removal of other articulations
Back unroundeded vowels are _____ than front rounded vowels.
Back unrounded vowels less common than front rounded vowels
When rounded, consonants are called ____.
Consonants when rounded are called labialized – Symbol raised [w] eg.[pw, kw ] (Eg Chaha – {gkr} 'be straight’ derived adjective : gʷǝkʷǝr 'straight'.
Vowels are most frequently ___ but may also be ___. When nasal, they are pronounced with ___ velum.
Vowels are most frequently oral but may also be nasal- ie. pronounced with an open velum – Many languages contrast nasal with oral vowels. Eg. French, Portuguese
What happens when English vowels are nasalized?
Nasal airflow in French and English vowels goes all through the vowel for French nasal vowels but partial for nasalised English vowels – English vowels are nasalized by coarticulation
Coarticulation is a ___ effect rather than a ____ change.
coarticulation -- a phonetic effect of a neighboring sound rather than a phonological (feature) change
What consonants can be pronounced with nasalization?
Some consonants can be pronounced with nasalization: – approximants and fricatives bt not stops
Describe velarization.
Overlay of high back lax vowel articulation Simultaneous with consonant articulation Symbol: Either [ ɫ] or [dɤ ] • Pharyngealization - overlay of pharyngeal construction simultaneous with consonant articulation Symbol: [dʕ ]