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Cards In This Set
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Delay conditioning:
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Most effective way of establishing a CR.
A type of forward conditioning where CS precedes and overlaps presentation of US by .5 seconds.
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Trace conditioning
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Forward conditioning where CS is presented and stopped before US is presented. Weaker than delay conditioning.
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Classical Extinction:
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Gradual disappearance of the CR after repeated presentation of the CS alone.
Refresher trials can be done to pair together and strengthen response again. Fewer trials will be needed to refresh than needed to establish response.
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Spontaneous Recovery:
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CR’s rarely extinguish all at once.
Learning is never lost but inhibited (looks like response is gone, then well spontaneously do it).
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Stimulus Discrimination:
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opposite of stimulus generalization. Established through discrimination training.
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Experimental Neurosis:
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Very difficult stimulus discriminations can produce
uncharacteristic responses such as restlessness, agitation, aggression etc.
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Higher Order Conditioning:
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AKA second order conditioning, third order etc.
when another stimulus is paired with initial stimulus and also produces the CR
(flashing light paired with bell, eventually flashing light produced salivation too).
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Blocking:
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If an association between a CS and US has already been made, the CS blocks an association between a second neutral stimulus from US to be made.
Blocking and overshadowing are sometimes confused, but overshadowing is when two neutral stimuli are repeatedly and only one produces CR.
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John Watson:
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“father of American behaviorism”,
only look at measurable observable behavior not introspection.
Best known for little Albert, startle response to white rat, then all white fuzzy things.
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Cs
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Bell
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Meat
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Us
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Salivation
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Ur and then cr
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Reciprocal Inhibition:
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Eliminate a maladaptive behavior by pairing a behavior with a US that naturally elicits an incompatible behavior so the maladaptive behavior is replaced by the healthier incompatible behavior.
Wolpe used this to eliminate anxiety, relaxation, sexual arousal.
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Systematic Desensitization:
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Originally developed to eliminate anxiety responses.
Hierarchically arranged anxiety evoking events paired with relaxation to eliminate anxiety.
discuss in terms of SUDS
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Dismantling Strategy:
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Identified mechanisms responsible for benefits of systematic desensitization.
Extinction or repeated exposure to CS without US is primarily responsible for it’s effects.
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