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Cards In This Set
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What is biomechanics?
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The application of mechanical laws to living structures, specifically tot he locomotor system in the human body.
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What are the uses of biomechanical analysis?
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1. Improvements of sport skill techniques2. Design of sport equipments3. Prevention of injuries4. Clinical analysis of movement pathologies5. Design of protheses6. Design of rehabilitation devices
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What are the two analyses?
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Qualitative and Quantitative
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What is qualitative analysis?
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A non-numerical description of movement based on direct observations.
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What is quantitative analysis?
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A movement is analyzed numerically based on measurements from data collected during the performance of the movement.
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What is a lever?
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A rigid bar that turn about an axis.
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What are the 3 parts of a lever?
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1. Force point - exact point where the effort is applied2. Resistance point - exact point on which the resistance acts3. Fulcrum - axis of motion
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What is the force arm?
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The perpendicular distance from the fulcrum to the line of action of the force acting on the force point.
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What is the resistance arm?
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The perpendicular distance from the fulcrum to the line of action of the resistance acting on th resistance point.
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What are the part of the human body levers?
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1. Bones - represent the bar2. Joints - represent the axis3. Contraction of muscles - represents the force4. Insertion point of the muscles - represents the force arm5. Center of gravity of moving body segment - represents the resistance arm
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How many classes of levers are there?
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There are 3: first class, second class, and third class.
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What is a first class lever?
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F(force) A(axis of fulcrum) R(resistance) or R(resistance) A(axis of fulcrum) F(force)
Can act as force levers and speed levers.FA>RA / FAExamples: seesaw and triceps muscle acting at the elbow joint |
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What is a second class lever?
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A(axis of fulcrum) R(resistance) F(force)
Always a force lever.FA>RAExamples: wheelbarrow, nutcracker, bottle opener |
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What is a third class lever?
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A(axis of fulcrum) F(force) R(resistance)
Always a speed lever.FAExample: biceps muscle producing flexion at the elbow joint |
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What is the principle of levers?
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Any class lever will balance when the product of the force times the distance from the point of application of the force to the fulcrum is equal to the resistance times the distance from the point of application of the resistance to the fulcrum.F * FA = R * RA
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