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Cards In This Set
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Describe the shock cascade
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Decreased CO and blood volume --> shock --> systemic hypoperfusion --> hypotension, impaired tissue perfusion, cellular hypoxia
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What is shock and what are the 3 types of shock?
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Shock is cardiovascular collapse
3 types: cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic
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What are some causes of cardiogenic shock?
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Heart pump failure due to: infarct, ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac tamponade (extrinsic compression), outflow obstruction (pulmonary embolism)
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What is hypovolemic shock?
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Loss of blood or plasma vol due to hemorrhage, severe burns, trauma
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What are helminths?
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Nematodes (round worms), cestodes (flat/tapeworms), trematodes (flukes)
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List the nematodes reviewed in class
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Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworms, strongyloides stercoralis, enterobius vermicularis, trichuris trichiura, filaria, trichinella spiralis
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Characteristics of nematodes?
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Round worms, tapered ends, tough cuticle, complete digestive tracts, separate genders, may be free living and harmless
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Describe ascaris lumbricoides
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Largest nematode, GI obstruction, wander out thru nose, WW morbidity
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Describe hookworms
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Blood loss anemia, WW morbidity
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Describe strongyloides stercoralis
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Ubiquitous, fatal infecxs in imm sup'd pts
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Describe enterobius vermicularis
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Pinworm, anal pruitis, WW morbidity
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Describe tricuris trichiura
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Often harmless, can cause anemia and rectal prolapse
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Describe Filaria
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Blood and tissue nematode, not GI, can lodge in lymph nodes causing lymphadopathy (elephantitis)
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Describe trichinella spiralis
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Another tissue nemtode, not GI
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Describe cestodes
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Flat/tapeworms, hermaphroditic/proglottids, absorb nutrients thru integument, in GI, Taenia solium in pork, Taenia saginatum in beef
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