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Chemical substances that are secreted by ductless glands into the bloodstream. They are carried in the blood to other parts of the body, where they exert their effects on other glands or target organs.
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Hormones
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A network of ductless glands that secrete their chemical substances, called hormones, directly into the bloodstream where they are carried to other parts of the body to exert their effects.
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Endocrine system
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A hormone that is produced by the testicles (and in very small amounts by the ovaries and adrenal glands).
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Testosterone
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A hormone that is produced by the ovaries (and in very small amounts by the testicles and adrenal glands).
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Estrogen
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A hormone that is produced in large amounts by the ovaries after ovulation. It prepares the endometrium of the uterus to nourish a fertilized egg.
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Progesterone
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A gonadotropin hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the development of a follicle in a woman's ovary and the production of sperm in a man's testicles.
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Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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A gonadotropin hormone released by the pituitary glad that triggers ovulation in women and stimulates the production of male hormones in men.
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Luteinizing hormone (LH)
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A hormone released from the pituitary gland that stimulates milk production in the breasts.
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Prolactin
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A pituitary hormone associated with milk release, labor and orgasmic contractions, and erotic attraction and touch.
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Oxytocin
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A hormone released by the hypothalamus in the brain that causes the pituitary gland to release the hormones FSH and LH.
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
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A hormone produced by the testicles and ovaries that inhibits release of follicle-stimulating hormone from the pituitary gland.
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Inhibin
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The monthly cycle of hormonal events in a woman that leads to ovulation and menstruation.
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Menstrual Cycle
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A sac in the ovary containing an ovum and surrounding follicular cells.
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Follicle
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The monthly discharge of endometrial tissue, blood, and other secretions from the uterus that occurs when an egg is not fertilized.
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Menstruation
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The follicular cells that remain in the ovary after the follicle expels the ovum during ovulation. They begin to secrete progesterone in large quantities in the postovulatory stage.
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Corpus luteum
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