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A body weight at birth of less than 3 pounds, 5 ounces (1,500 grams) p.110
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Very Low Body Weight (VLBW)
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An image of a fetus produced by using high-fequency sound waves. p.92
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Ultrasound
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A situation in which a certain teratogen is relatively harmless in small doses but becomes harmful once exposure reaches a certain level. p.103
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Threshold Effect
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Agents and conditions, including viruses, drugs, and chemicals, that can impair prenatal development and result in birth defects or even death. p.102
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Teratogens
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A term for a baby whose birthweight is significantly lower than expected given the time since conception.
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Small for Gestational Age (SGA)
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An unlearned, involuntary action or movement that responds to a stimulus. p.113
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Reflex
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A birth that occurs 3 or more weeks before the full 38 weeks of the typical pregnancy p.111
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Preterm
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A new mother's feelings of inadequacy and sadness in the days and weeks after giving birth. p.116
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Postpartum Depression
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The strong, loving connection that forms as parents hold, examine, and feed their newborn. p.116
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parent-infant bond
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Cooperation between a mother and a father based on their mutual commitment to their children. p.116
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Parental alliance
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A body weight at birth of less than 5 1/2 pounds. p.110
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Low birthweight
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A form of newborn vare in which mothers (sometimes fathers) rest the baby between their breasts, like a kangaroo that carries her immature newborn in a pouch on her abdomen. p.117
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Kangaroo Care
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The process, beginning about 10 days after conception, in which the developing organism burrows into the placenta that lines the uterus, where it can be nourished and protected as it continues to develop. p.90
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Implantation
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The first 2 weeks of prenatal development after conception, characterized by rapid cell division and the beginning of cell differentiation. p.89
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germinal period
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The name for a developing human organism from the start of the 9th week after conception until birth. p.92
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fetus
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