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Cards In This Set
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An organism's entire genetic inheritance, or genetic potential. p.64
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Genotype
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The full set of genes that are the instructions to make an individual member of a certain species. p.62
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Genome
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Consultation and testing by trained experts that enable individuals to learn about their genetic heritage, including harmful conditions that they might pass along to any children they may conceive. p.82
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Genetic Counseling
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A small section of a chromosome; the basic unit for the transmission of heredity. p.62
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Gene
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A reproductive cell; that is, a sperm or ovum that can produce a new individual if it cobines witha gamete from the other sex to make a zygote. p.63
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Gamate
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A genetic disorder in which part of the X chromosome seems to be attached to the rest of it by a very thin string of molecules. The cause is a single gene that has more than 200 repetitions of one triplet. p.82
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Fragile X Syndrome
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Referring to enviornmental factors that affect genes and genetic expression; enhancing, halting, shaping, or altering the expression of genes, resulting in a phenotype that may differ markedly from the genotype. p.71
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Epigenetic
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A condition in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46, with 3 rather than 2 chromosomes at the 21st site.
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Down Syndrome
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The interaction of a heterozygous pair of alleles in such a way that the phenotype reveals the influence of one allele (the dominant gene) more than that of the other (the recessive gene). p.73
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Dominant-Recessive pattern
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Twins who are formed when two separate ova are fertilized by two separate sperm at roughly the same time. p.68
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Dizygotic (DZ) twins
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The chemical composition of the molecules that contain the genes, which are the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture various proteins. p.62
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Deoxyribonecleic acid (DNA)
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One of the 46 molecules of DNA (in 23 pairs) that virtually each cell of the hunan body contains and that, together, contain all the genes. Other species have more or fewer chromosomes. p.62
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Chromosome
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A person whose genotype includes a gene that is not expressed in the phenotype. p.73
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Carrier
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A general term for the techniques designed to help infertile couples conceive and then sustain a pregnancy. p.69
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Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
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A variation that makes a gene different in some way from other genes for the same characteristics. p.62
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Allele
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