Human Development Chapter 2 Biological Foundations

Threadlike structures in the nuclei of cells that contain genetic material

Group of compounds that provides a specific set of biochemical instructions

A complete set of genes that makes up a person's heredity

Physical, behavioral, and psychological features that result from the interaction between one's genes and the environment

When both alleles in a pair of chromosomes are the same

When the alleles in a pair of chromosomes differ from each other

Form of an allele whose chemical instructions are followed

Allele whose instructions are ignored in the presence of a dominant allele

Situation when one allele does not dominate another completely

Disorder in which blood cells are misshapen and cannot pass through the body's smallest blood vessels

Disorder in which individuals have a dominant allele for normal blood cells and a recessive allele for sickle-shaped blood cells, resulting in mild anemia only in presence of oxygen deprivation

Inherited disorder in which the individual lacks a liver enzyme necessary to convert phenylaline (in dairy, bread, fish, and diet soda) into tyrosine, resulting in poisoning of the nervous system and mental retardation IF these foods are eaten

Fatal inherited disease characterized by progressive degeneration of the nervous system in middle age after developing normally through early adulthood, resulting in muscle spasms, depression, and significant changes in personality

Disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome, resulting in mental retardation and distinguishable facial features such as upward slanting eyes, fold over the eyelid and flattened facial profile, and a life expectancy of 25 to 60 years. Advanced maternal age is a significant risk factor.