Hormones (A&P)

Gland: Posterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Kidney
Response: Increase water absorption

Gland: Posterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Uterus, Mammary Glands
Response: Increase uterine contractions, and stimulates milk "let down"

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Most tissues
Response: increase protein synthesis, increase breakdown of lipids, increase fatty acid release from cells, and increase in blood glucose levels

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Thyroid glands, and thyroid follicles
Response: stimulates synthesis and release of thyroxine

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Adrenal Cortex
Response: increase secretion of glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol); increase skin pigmentation of high concentrations

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Melanocytes in the skin
Response: increase melanin production in melanocytes to absorb UV light and protect the skin

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissues: Ovary in female; testes in males
Response: Increase estrogen and progesterone synthesis and release, ovulation; increase testosterone synthesis and release, support for sperm production

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Ovarian follicles, and seminiferous tubules
Response: follicle maturation and estrogen secretion stimulates spermatogenesis

Gland: Anterior Pituitary
Target Tissue: Ovary and mammary glands, testes
Response: Milk production; increases sensitivity to LH in males

Gland: Thryoid
Target Tissue: Most cells of body
Response: increase metabolic rate, essential for growth and maturation

Gland: Thyroid
Target Tissue: Primarily Bone
Response: Decrease rate of bone breakdown, LOWERS blood calcium

Gland: Parathyroid
Target Tissue: bone, kidneys
Response: increase rate of bone breakdown; increase vitamin D synthesis essential for maintenance of blood calcium, decrease loss of calcium in urine, RAISES blood calcium

Gland: Adrenal Medulla
Target Tissue: heart blood vessels, liver, adipose tissue
Response: increase cardiac output, increase blood flot to skeletal muscle and heart, increase release of glucose and fatty acids into flood from liver, prepares for physical activity "Fight of Flight"

Gland: Adrenal Cortex
Target Tissue: kidneys, intestine and sweat glands
Response: Increase rate of sodium re uptake by kidneys from urine, increase rate of potassium excretion, increase in water absorption

Gland: Adrenal Cortex
Target Tissue: most tissues
Response: increase fat and protein breakdown; increase glucose synthesis from AA, increase blood nutrients, inhibit inflammation and immune response