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Cards In This Set
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When was HIV first recognized?
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In 1981 in the US it was thought to only arise from homosexual males but now can be from hereterosexual people
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T/F- HIV is an acute illness and is now curable
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FALSE- its a chronic life long illness that is incurable
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How is HIV transmitted?
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Blood and body secretions- blood-blood, blood-seretion, secretion-secretion such as needles, sexual contact, mother-infant transmission
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What does successful transmission of HIV require to successfully harm an individual?
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It requires a load which is high and sufficient enough to develop HIV
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What is a serocovert?
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Serocovert- when a person underuse a change and a virus becomes known in the body and you go from zero-negaive to zero-positive
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When are HIV transmission rare?
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When an individuals do not have a seroconvert and have a HIV serum less then 1,700 copies/ml
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What is the path behind HIV?
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HIV is a type of retrovirus and carries genetic infer in RNA instead of DNA
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What are the 2 types of HIV?
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1. HIV 1- major cause of aids globally, 2. HIV 2- this is located in west africa, less virulent, and less transmittable, and creates lower proportions of infected cells
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How does the HIV virus invade the normal T lymphcytic cell?
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The Virus is attracted to the helper T cell lymphocyte (CD4)- the virus binds to this cell surface and penetrates the T-cell membrane through an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, the viral RNA is copied as a double stranded DNA and inserted into the host cell chromosome. when the host Tcell is activated to reproduce, the viral genetic information is programmed to produce more of the virus allowing mass numbers of viral cells to be copied and escape the infected cell and infect other cells near by
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What are the 3 stages of the disease progression?
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1. early 2. progressive 3. overt AIDS
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What are the two phases of the early stage?
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1. acute viral HIV syndrome 2. Clinincal latency window period
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What is the acute viral HIV syndrome stage?
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-occurs in 3-6 weeks of virus exposure -flu like symptoms present in 50-70% of people -the virus is actively replicating and increasing serum viral load -Blood would be found positive if tested for HIV at this time but negative for antibodies (seronegative) - -
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What is seroconvertion?
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This is when enough antibodies develop against a person that they can now be measurable in a blood test
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What is the clinical latency window period?
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This is the time between the initial infection and the development of symptoms-in untreated patients, this stage last 10 years -in treated patient this stage can last much longer -in this stage, the virus continues to replicate however, the individuals immune system keeps the viral count low enough to maintain control over the disease
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What happens in the progression stage of HIV?
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Eventually the latency period ends and an individual moves into the progressive stage and the patient developed symptoms -CD4 decreases
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