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Cards In This Set
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What was the "iron curtain?"
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Boundary splitting the Western bloc and the Communist bloc (Soviet zone) which formed a division between the Western and Soviet spheres of influence
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What impact did WWII have on the Soviet Union?
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Enormous damage on Russia, brutal fighting between 15-20 million Russians KIA, destroyed more 30,000 factories, torn up 40,000 miles of RR track, agricultural production cut by half.
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What was meant by "containment?"
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Containment was a United States policy using military, economic, and diplomatic strategies to temper the spread of Communism, enhance America’s security and influence abroad, and prevent a "domino effect".
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What was the Truman Doctrine?
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Marked an informal declaration of cold war against the USSR. must support capitalism worldwide and fight against communism.Truman was attempting to solve Eastern Europe's instability while
making sure that communism would not spread to nations like Greece and
Turkey.
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What was the Marshall Plan?
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Massive infusion of American capital to finanace the economic recovery of Europe. Soviets rejected
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What was NATO, and what were its 2 main features?
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization grew out of European fears of Russian military aggression. US, 10 European nations (from Norway to Italy,) Canada.
1. US to defend Europe 2. US would honor this commitment |
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What was the Berlin Blockade and what was the west's response to it?
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Am, Brits, Fr, Soviet troops each occupied a sector of Berlin (100 miles within the Russian zone of Germany) Stalin cut off all rail and highway traffic to Berlin. West sent massive airlift of food, fuel, and supplies. Guard against Soviet interruption, Truman transferred 60 Am B-29s with atomic bombs, although bluff, no a-bombs.
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What was the importance of the National Security Act?
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Established Department of Defense, CIA, National Security Council
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What was NSC-68?
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Massive expansion of Am military power so US could halt and overcome Soviet threat and proposed increase in defense spending from $13 to $45 billion annually
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What happened in China btwn 1946-49, and what was America's response to the communist triumph?
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Nationalists (Chiang Kai-shek) vs Communist (Mao Tse-tung). Communists won. 1. refused to recognize the new regime, diplomatic relatoins with Nationalists on Formosa (Taiwan) 2. US focused on Japan as main ally in Asia.
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How did the Korean War begin, and what was the west's response to it?
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North Korean army invaded across the 38th parallel, (Stalin and Mao) Pres Truman said was Soviet aggressionand Am troops sent in.
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In the last analysis, what
was the most significant result of the Korean War?
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Massive American rearmament. army expanded to 3.5 million, defense budget to $50 billion, and US military bases from Saudi Arabia to Morocco.
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What was the Council of
Economic Advisers?
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Assist the president and asserted the principle that the gov't was responsible for the state of the economy
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Who were Whittaker Chambers
and Alger Hiss?
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Chambers, former communist, accused Hiss of having been a Soviet spy in the 30s.
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Who were Ethel and Julius
Rosenberg and what happened to them?
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American communists charged conspiracy to transmit atomic secrets to USSR. found guilty and sent to electric chair.
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