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Neolithic Revolution:
- When did it occur? - What happened? -What was built as an accomplishment? - What problems arised? |
- Occurred post ice age
- Humans organize better; gave development to agriculture --> steady food supply --> store food - small cities became big cities problems: - malnutrition : humans rely on grain and not meat - rotting teeth : humans chew on flour with small rocks in them - disease : no sewage systems, or windows |
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According to early civilization, why live in the city?
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Gives rise to other things like social stratification and labor stratification
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Name 2 earlier larger civilizations (Middle and New Kingdoms) and what they were composed of.
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1) Egypt : single culture/pharaoh
2) Mesopotamia : Rise of empires (large pol'l organization) and new military structures. |
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What ended the early Western Civilization and what is this period called?
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Sea Peoples - invasion of outsiders from WEst and devastated the Middle East ; Bronze Age Collapse.
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List 4 major upheavals during the Bronze Age Collapse.
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- Political/ Economic Collapse
- Grain pieces rose from previous level - Famines, death 75% population dropped in Babylon -Most major empires in Middle East collapsed or severely damaged |
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Where is the Jordan River located and why was it important?
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Located in Israel
Used for linkage btwn Syria and Mesopotamia |
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What population resided in the Land of Canine (Israel)?
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Pheonicians.
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This allowed new people to rise up because of all the collapsed empire
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Iron Age
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What led to what historians define as the Neolithic Revolution?
a. The development of trade and cities b. The beginning of organized warfare among humans c. The introduction of formal burial practices including the painting of corpses d. The emergence of the “farming package” of agriculture and animal domestication |
D
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What provides historians with their best evidence that hierarchy emerged in Paleolithic times?
a. The construction of the first permanent buildings b. The inclusion of valuables, weapons, and tools in some burial sites c. The spread of trade goods d. The development of hunter-gatherer practices |
B
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Historians have traditionally characterized civilization as which of the following?
a. A superior way of life b. A strong and focused sense of geography c. A society with fixed ideas about religion and the divine d. A way of life based on agriculture and trade |
D
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Why did the first cities and thus the first civilization emerge in Sumer?
a. Because the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers flowed directly through the area b. Because Sumerians figured out how to use the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers for irrigation c. Because Sumerian monarchs decided to establish city-states d. Because Sumerian monarchs encouraged the expansion of trade and the development of cities as centers of commerce |
B
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Mesopotamian religious beliefs or practices during the Bronze Age were characterized by which of the following?
a. The belief that the gods were indifferent to humanity and needed to be “woken up” by rituals b. A concept of gods as abstract forces of nature without recognizable physical forms c. The worship of many gods who were believed to control different aspects of human life d. An absence of formal religious structures but a strong respect for the gods as omnipresent deities |
C
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Why was the technology of writing originally developed in Sumer?
a. To allow for the expression of religious ideas b. To make it easier to transmit Hammurabi’s law code c. To take down love poetry d. To do accounting |
D
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What resource became a new source of conflict after 4000 B.C.E.?
a. Metals b. Grain c. Herds of domesticated animals d. Holy or sacred sites |
A
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