Health Assessment Test 4

1. Pain?2. Lumps?3. Discharge?4. Rash?5. Swelling?6. Trauma?7. History of breast disease?8. Surgeries?9. Self care behaviors, breast self exams, mammograms

Breast pain that occurs with trauma, inflammation, and benign breast disease.
Cyclic pain is common with normal breasts, oral contraceptives, and benign breast disease

Spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing. -Can be caused from medications, oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, diuretics, steroids, calcium channel blockers.-Ex: Paget's dz=starts with a small crust on nipple apex then spreads to areola

A screening x-ray exam of the breasts (women age 40+)

1. Provides the perfect food and antibodies for baby2. Decreases risk of ear infections3. Promotes bonding4. Provides relaxation

Decreased firmness.-Rapid decrease in estrogen level causes actual shrinkage.

1. Inspect-size, shape, symmetry (common to have a slight asymmetry in size, often left breast is slightly larger)-skin is smooth and even in color, no edema-skin retraction maneuvers-inspect axillae2. Inspect breasts as woman sits, raises arms overhead, pushes hands on hips, leans forward3. Inspect supraclavicular and infraclavicular areas4. Palpate axillae and regional lymph nodes-supine position-three patterns of palpation:a. vertical strip b. spokes on a wheelc. concrete circles 4. With women supine palpate, the breast tissue, including tail of spence, nipples. and areolae5. Teach BSE

Edema exaggerates the hair follicles, giving a "pig skin" or "orange peel' look

Normal common variation existing of an extra nipples on the thorax or abdomen

1. Location (use clock face)2. size (width x length x thickness)3. shape (oval, round, lobulated, indistinct)4. consistency (soft, firm, hard)5. moveable6, distinctness7. nipple (displaced, retracted?)8. skin over lump (dimpled, erythematous)9. tenderness10. lymphadenopathy

Right after menstrual period, around 4th through 7th day of menstrual cycle when breasts are smallest and least congested

Enlargement of breast tissue, occurring with use of anabolic steroids, meds, and some disease states-occurs normally in puberty

Early breast development with no other hormone dependent signs (pubic hair, menses)

1. Central axillary nodes: high up in middle of axilla, over ribs and serratus anterior muscle. Receive lymph from other three groups. 2. Pectoral (anterior): along lateral edge of pectoralis muscle 3. Subscapular (posterior): along lateral edge of scapula 4. Lateral: along humerus inside upper arm
*Most of lymph more than 75% drains into ipsilateral axillary nodes

See image