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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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List the "ABCDE" rule of self skin exams
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A- asymmetry
B-border C-color D-diameter E-elavation/evolving |
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State the medical term for the following skin pigmentation and possible reasons for them:
Pale Red Blue Yellow |
Pale-Pallor- decreased Hg, shock, stress, stimulant use, anemia
Red- Erythema- hyeremia of capillaries in lower skin layers caused by injury, infection, inflammation Blue- Cyanosis- low O2 Yellow- Jaundice- Increased bile pigmentation; Increased carotene pigmentation |
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Describe the following shapes of skin lesions and give examples of each:
Round (discoid) Oval Annular Zosteriform Polycyclic Linear Iris/Target Stellate Serpiginous Reticulate Morbilliform |
Round= coin shaped. Ex: humular eczema
Oval= ovoid. Ex: pityriasis rosea Annular= Round w/central clearing. Ex: Tinia corporis Zosteriform= following nerve. Ex: Herpes Zoster Polycyclic= interlocking annular lesions. Ex: psoriasis urticaria Linear= in a line. Ex: Contact dermititis Iris/Target= pink macules/purple centered papules Ex: erythema multiforme Stellate= star shaped. Ex: Meningococcal Septicemia Serpignious= snake like; wavy. Ex:Cutanea larva migrans Reticulate=lacy, netlike. Ex: Polyarteritis nodosa Mobiliform=measles like maculopapular lesions on face and body. Ex: measles, roseola, drug eruptions |
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Circumscribed, flat discoloration that may be blue, brown, red, or hyper-pigmented. <1cm.
Ex: Freckles, nevi, scarlet fever |
Macule
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Circumscribed, superficial elevation containing serous fluid. <1cm.
Ex: chickenpox, zoster, contact dermatitis |
Vesicles
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Elevated, firm, circumscribedf area; less than 1cm diameter; color varies. May become confluent and form plaques.
Ex: Wart, elevated mole |
Papule
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Vary in size; circumscribed elevated, superficial. Contain purulent fluid. "Honey colored crust"
Ex: acne, impetigo |
Pustules
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Circumscribed, elevated, firm, solid lesion 1-2cm in diameter. Deep in dermis.
Ex: fatty tumor |
Nodule
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Elevated, solid. May or may not be clearly demarcated (able to feel border). Deep in dermis >2cm diameter.
Ex: Lipoma |
Tumor
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Firm, irregular shaped area; edematous resulting from infiltration of the dermis with fluid. May only last a few hours. Variable diameter.
Ex: bug bites |
Wheal
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Encapsulated, circumscribed, encapsulation lesions in dermis or SQ layer; (fluid/semi solid filled)
Ex: Wen, ganglion cyst, cystic acne |
Cyst
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Hypertrophic scar (smooth, rubbery). Elevated by excess scar tissue. MAy increase long after healing occurs.
(African Americans more likely to contract) |
Keloids
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Loss of part of epidermis. Superficial; depressed, moist, glistening. No bleeding. Heals w/o scar. Does not extend to dermis.
Ex: Vericella after rupture |
Erosion
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Loss of epidermis and dermis. Irregular shape may bleed. Leaves scar.
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Ulcer
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Braden Scale
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Test used to grade pressure ulcer risk. Highest possible score of 23= less likely to develop
Lowest possible score of 6= more likely to develop |
