Health 195: Chapter 13 Vocab

Any chemical other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body

A drug that can alter a person’s state of mind or consciousness

The state of being mentally affected by a chemical (literally, a state of being poisoned)

Any habit that has gotten out of control, resulting in a negative effect on one’s health

Psychological or physical dependence on a substance or behavior, characterized by a compulsive desire and increasing need for substance or behavior and by harm to the individual or society

A maladaptive pattern of using any substance that persists despite adverse social, psychological, or medical consequences; the pattern may be intermittent, with or without tolerance and withdrawal

The result of physiological adaptation that occurs in response to the frequent use of a drug; typically associated with tolerance and withdrawal.

A cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms that occur in someone who continues to use a substance despite suffering significant substance-related problems, leading to significant impairment or distress; also known as addiction.

Lower sensitivity to a drug so that a given dose no longer exerts the usual effect and larger doses are needed.

Physical and psychological symptoms that follow the interrupted use of a drug on which a user is physically dependent; symptoms may be mild or life-threatening

The intoxicating ingredient in fermented liquors; a colorless, pungent liquid.

Two times the percentage of alcohol in a beverage, measured by volume; a 100-proof beverage contains 50% alcohol

The amount of a beverage that typically contains about 0.6 ounce of alcohol; also called a standard drink

The amount of alcohol in the blood in terms of weight per unit volume; used as a measure of intoxication.

A disease in which the liver is severely damaged by alcohol, other toxins, or infection.