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Cards In This Set
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What is the function of the respiratory
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* To supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide - repsi
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What stimulates you to take a breath if you are trying to hold it?
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The build up of carbon dioxide - respiratory function must involve:
1. Pulmonary ventilation - moving air into and out of the lungs 2. External respiration - gas exchange between the lungs and the blood 3. Transport - transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the tissues 4. Internal respiration - gas exchange between systemic blood vessels and tissues |
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What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?
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Respiration is the exchange of gases
ventilation is shifting air in and out |
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What are the structures of the respiratory system
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 Nose - hair, humidification Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs - alveoli Diaphragm |
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What is the name of the main tube to the lung and what does it go to and what do they go to?
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Trachea, goes to bronchi, goes to bronchioles, goes to alveoli
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Draw a diagram of the smaller units of the lungs
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Where does gas exchange occur?
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In the alveoli
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Draw the coverings of the lungs
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What are the pleura
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Visceral pleura is attached to the lung
parietal pleura lines the inner of the chest wall and between the two is pleura fluid (in the pleural cavity) |
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Describe the coverings of the lungs
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Pulmonary (visceral) pleura covers the lung surface
Parietal pleura lines the walls of the thoracic cavity Pleural fluis fills the area between layers of pleura to allow gliding |
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Describe the mechanics of respiration
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Completely mechanical process
Depends on volume changes in the thoracic cavity Volume changes lead to pressure changes, which lead to the flow of air to equalize pressure Air moves from area of higher to area of lower pressure TWO phases - Inspiration - flow of air into the lungs - Expiration - air leaving lung |
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What are the pressures are involved in ventilation?
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Intraulmonary pressure (within the lungs)
atmospheric pressure (outside) |
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Describe the relationship between volume and pressure
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Increase volume = decrease in pressure
Decrese volume = increase pressure P x V = P x V |
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Describe inspiration
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External intercostal muscles stretch out
The diaphram goes down. Is a active because you contract * Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract * The volume of the thoracic cavity increases (lungs are stretched - incresing intrapulmonary volume) * Increased volume results in decreased intrapulmonary (within the lung) pressure * Air moved from higher atomospheric pressure to lower intrapulmonary, until intrapulmonary pressure = atomspheric pressure |
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Draw inspiration
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