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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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What is peptic ulcer disease (PUD) characterized by?
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Ulcer formation in the esophagus, stomach, & duodenum
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What makes these areas (the esophagus, stomach, & duodenum) more prone to ulcer formation?
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They are exposed to gastric acid and pepsin (a powerful enzyme in digestion)
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What is normal gastric pH?
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1-3.5
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What is gastric acid (HCL) excreted by?
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The parietal cells in the stomachs mucosa
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What stimulates the production of HCL/gastric acid?
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Acetylcholine, gastrin, and histamine
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What is the stomach lining protected by?
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Balance of mucous, dilution of gastric acid, prostaglandins, and the alkalinization of gastric acid by bile and pancreatic juices
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What factors can affect the acid balance of the stomach?
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Use of NSAIDs, H-pylori, stress, smoking, increased gastric acid secretion
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What is the goal in the pharmacological treatment of PUD?
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Alleviate symptoms, promote healing, prevent complications, and prevent recurrences
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Which drug group is the most effective for gastric acid suppression?
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Proton pump inhibitors
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How do proton pump inhibitors work (their MOA)?
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Blocks the final step in acid production; irreversible inhibition of H/K ATpase pump
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When are proton pump inhibitors used?
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For PUD, gastritis, GERD, and Zollinger-Ellison disease, it is more effective than H2 blockers
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What are some adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors?
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Nausea, vomiting, headache is most common
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What are some examples of proton pump inhibitors?
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Omeprazole (prilosec), Lansoprazole (prevacid), raberprazole (aciphex), Esmoprazole (Nexium) and Pantoprazole (protonix),
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T/F: all proton pump inhibitors are available in extended release capsules
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TRUE
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Which two proton pump inhibitors are available by IV route?
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Pantoprazole (Protonix) & Esmoprazole (Nexium)
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