Define the Following Terms from Organic Chemistry Flashcards

Carbon based molecules

1 -METH 2 - ETH 3 - PROP - 4 - BUT 5- PENT- 6 -HEX - 7 -HEPT - 8 - OCT *All examples of Hydrocarbon - Ending in "ANE"

Chaing of carbon atoms is called carbon skeleton (back bone)

May have double bonds but you will never have a double bond between carbon & hydrogen because hydrogen already has an electron. *Ane = Single Bond * Ene = Double Bond * May be arranged in rings

Consists of a hydrogen bond to an oxygen (-OH)

A carbon linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom (C-0)

Consist of a carbon double-bonded to both an oxygen and a hydroxyl group (H0-C=0; C00H)

Composed of a Nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms and the carbon skeleton - (C-NH2)

Consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms (P04)

1 - CARBOHYDRATES 2) LIPIDS 3 - PROTEINS 4) NUCLEIC ACIDS

A large molecule consisting of many identical or similar molecular units strung together.

Units that serve as the building blocks of polymers.

A reaction that removes a molecule of water.

Means to break with water - Cells break bonds between monomers by adding water to them.

A class of molecules ranging from small sugar molecules in soft drinks to large polysaccarides such as starch molecules that are in pasta & potatoes. EXAMPLES - GLUCOSE, FRUCTOSE - End in "OSE"