Fundamentals Nursing Skills and Concepts Chapter 16

Fluid and Che mical Ba

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Intracellular fluid
Fluid inside cells
Extracellular fluid
Fluid outside cells
Interstitial fluid
(fluid in the tissue space between and around cells)
Intravascular fluid
Watery plasma, or serum, portion of blood
Electrolytes
Chemical compounds, such as sodium and chloride, that are dissolved, absorbed, and distributed in body fluid and possess an electrical charge
Ions
Substances that carry either a positive or negative electrical charge).
Cations
Electrolytes with a positive charge
Anions
Electrolytes with a negative charge
Nonelectrolytes
Hemical compounds that remain bound together when dissolved in a solution and do not conduct electricity
Osmosis
Helps to regulate the distribution of water by controlling the movement of fluid from one location to another
Colloids
Undissolved protein substances such as albumin and blood cells within body fluids that do not readily pass through membranes.
Hydrostatic pressure
Pressure exerted against a membrane
Colloidal osmotic pressure
Force for attracting water
Filtration
the movement of water and substances from a compartment where the pressure is higher to one where the pressure is lower.
Passive diffusion
Move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration