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Which of the following could be a fossil?
a)
a woman who lived 15,000 years ago found frozen in a glacier
a wasp inside a 30 million year old block of amber
a penguin that lived 100,000 years ago found in a dry valley in Antarctica
All of the above
None of the above
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D is CORRECT --> Any remains or traces of ancient organism are fossils. Most fossils in museums are mineralized bones. However, there are many other kinds of fossils, including all of the above as well as such things as animal tracks and rodent burrows.
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Approximately how many species of plants, animals, and other living things have been given scientific names and described?
a-150,000
b- 250,000
c- 1.8 million
d- 54 million
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C is CORRECT --> Roughly 1.8 million species have been named and at least briefly described. However, keep in mind that there are probably many more living species. Estimates of the total number have ranged from 3 to 100 million.
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Of all of the species of plants and animals that have lived on earth, about what percentage are still alive?
a- 99%
b- 74%
c- 23%
d- 1%
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D is CORRECT --> According to the paleontologist Stephen J. Gould, it is likely that approximately 99% of all species have already become extinct with most of them leaving no fossil evidence. This means that only around 1% or less of them are still alive today.
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Which of the following statements is true about fossilization?
a-It is a common occurrence.
b- It is more common for animals from mountains and forests than for those from deserts and oceans.
c- Small animals with light weight, thin bones are more likely to become fossils than are large animals with heavy, dense bones.
d- None of the above
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D is CORRECT --> Fossilization is very rare. It is more common for desert and marine organisms than for those of mountain or forest environments. Small animals with light weight bones are much less likely to survive.
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The body of an animal is more likely to become fossilized if it:
a- is buried deeply in the ground
b- is left on the surface of the ground
c- does not contain bones or other hard body parts
d- all of the above are about equally likely to result in fossilization
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A is CORRECT --> The deeper a body is buried in the ground, the less likely it will be eaten by animals or destroyed by bacteria, fungi, and erosion. The same is true of organisms that die at sea. The deeper their remains sink, the more likely they will become fossils.
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