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Anarchy
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A condition in which organized government is absent. Anarchists argue that governments are unnecessary and harmful, and favour self-governed societies based on voluntary associations.
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Governance
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The sum of the many ways in which collective decisions are made and implemented, with or without the input of formal institutions.
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Global governance
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The accumulation of institutions, processes, agreements, procedures, norms and actions that help us address transboundary needs and problems.
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Institution
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An informal or formal set of rules and procedures that define practices, assign roles, and guide interactions.
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Regime
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A set of rules, norms, institutions and agreements surrounding a given issue and around which the expectations of interested actors converge.
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International law
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The set of rules governing relations among states, and consisting of a combination of customs and formal agreements.
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Treaty
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An agreement between or among states that holds them responsible for upholding specified principles or meeting specified goals and deadlines.
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International organization
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A body set up to promote cooperation between or among states, with either governments or non-governmental actors as members.
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Intergovernmental organization
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A body that promotes or facilitates cooperation among states, and consists of state members.
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Treaty secretariat
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A body charged with monitoring the application of an international treaty, and with encouraging negotiations among signatory states.
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Non-state actor
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Institutions that are not part of the structure of states (although they may have state members) but that influence policy, whether at the local, national, international or global level.
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International non-governmental organization
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A body that works to encourage international cooperation through the work of non-state members such as individuals or private associations.
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Multinational corporation
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A private enterprise that has facilities and income-generating assets in two or more countries, managing its global activities from its home state.
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Civil society
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The arena within which citizens engage with one another to address problems of shared concern, reflected at the global level in the features of global civil society.
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Intergovernmentalism
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A theory/model based on the idea that key cooperative decisions among states are made as a result of negotiations among representatives of those states.
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