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Age of Enlightenment:
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A period where rationality and logic became the way in which societies were organized
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Agency:
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The ability of individuals in society to act of their own free will. This is oftencontrasted with structure, which constrains individuals to act in prescribed ways
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Agrarian society:
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A society whose economy is based on producing and maintaining crops and farmland
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Anomie:
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A condition felt by people in societies where there is an absence of norms or values
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Anonymity:
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The guarantee given to research participants that they will not be identifiable in any publications about the research
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Automation:
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The introduction of automatic equipment (robots, machines and computers) in a manufacturing or other work environment
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Black feminist thought:
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A body of writing that argues for recognition of issues of class, gender and sexuality alongside race
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Body work:
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Also known as body labour, it refers to the work individuals exert on their own bodies as well as paid work that is performed on other people’s bodies
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Bourgeoisie:
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A term used by Marx for the class in a capitalist society who own the means of production and most of that society’s wealth
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Capitalism:
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A society whose trade and industry is owned by private citizens or corporations who seek to maximize profit through competition
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Case study methods:
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In-depth investigation into individual cases rather than comparing variables from multiple cases
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Charmed circle:
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A concept developed by Rubin to visualize which sexual acts are esteemed and which are stigmatized
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Class:
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A way society is divided based on social and economic status
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Coach effect:
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Where people exaggerate a claim because of the presence of the researcher
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Colonialism:
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The process by which explorers and settlers take political control of another country and exploit it economically
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