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Identity
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A concept of self based on attributes that range from age and sex to ethnicity, culture, gender, place of birth, job, and language.
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Worldview
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The manner in which each of us – as individuals or as members of likeminded groups – perceives the world.
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National identity
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Identification with a state or nation, as determined by a combination of language, place of birth, and citizenship.
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Patriotism
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Love of country, identification with country, or devotion to country, as reflected in a pride in the history, symbols and myths of that country.
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Nationalism
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The belief that nations have the right to determine their own destiny, to govern themselves, to have their own states, to place their interests above those of other nations, and to control movements across their borders.
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Cosmopolitanism
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Association with the world, with universal ideas, and with the belief that all humans belong to a single community that transcends state boundaries and national identities.
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Culture
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The values, beliefs, habits, attitudes, and/or norms to which a society subscribes and responds, often unconsciously and even in the face of individual differences.
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Culture shock
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The discomfort that people might feel when moving to or experiencing a culture other than the one with which they are most familiar.
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Global culture
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Those aspects of culture (deriving mostly from the West) that have taken on global dimensions.
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Western
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Ideas and values associated with ‘the West’, which originally meant Europe but has since broadened to include all societies created and shaped by European colonization.
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Cultural imperialism
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The promotion and imposition of one culture on another, by a dominant power or state over one that is less powerful.
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Civilization
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An advanced stage of human development, marked by features such as political and social organization. A synonym for culture, but with a broader and more collective application.
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Multiculturalism
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A belief in a society made up of multiple cultures, and recognition of those cultures.
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Race
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A grouping or classification of humans based on their heritable physical differences, such as skin colour and facial features.
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Ethnicity
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A group of people who identify with one another based on a shared ancestral, social, and cultural background, often determined by a common language.
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