State Correct Answer from These Sociology of Society and Modern Life Flashcards

1. The nation-state is ineffective in solving many contemporary problems because modern problems are found worldwide and can easily spread across nation-state borders. a. True b. False

1. Marx differs from Durkheim in that: a. Marx argued that social change is caused by economic influences as opposed to values and ideas b. Marx concentrated on postindustrial society as opposed to industrial society c. Marx argued that social changed causes anomie d. Marx argued for a social physics and scientific understanding

1. According to the sociological perspective, people’s behavior” a. Is mostly a result of their genes b. Is entirely determined by the social context c. Is influenced by the social context d. Has nothing to do with social context e. Is mostly a result of their personality

1. According to Max Weber, economic factors are very important to social change in society. What other variable is involved in social change? a. Ideas and values b. Cohesion c. Government d. The ability to accept social change

1. Depletion of the ozone layer is a manufactured risk that likely contributes to: a. New forms of “hybrid identity” b. Increased risk of skin cancer c. Mad cow disease d. All of the above e. None of the above

1. According to Max Weber, developments in modern science, technology, and bureaucracy are examples of the general social process that focuses on social, economic, and cultural life according to the principles of efficiency and technical knowledge. He terms this approach: a. Alienation approach b. Humanistic approach c. Proletariatization d. Rationalization

1.      According to Karl Marx, the modern era is shaped primarily by: a.      Bureaucracy b.      Anomie c.       Enemies of the state d.      Division of labor e.      Capitalism

1.      The principal cultural clash of the twenty-first century is likely to be between Christianity and Islam. a.      True b.      False

1.      Carla and Agula are friends in the international banking industry. The both travel frequently, but they keep in contact through phone calls, e-mail, instant messaging, and even faxing. Agula and Carla are able to talk to each other even when one is in London and the other is in Australia. In this way technology has the capacity to do what? a.      Compress time and space b.      Overcome cultural differences c.       Link economic and cultural gains d.      Create interdependence e.      Overcome the move toward the service economy

1.      With a sociological imagination, one sees personal troubles, such as divorce, in terms of larger public issues. a.      True b.      False

1.      Drug trafficking and other illegal activities produce jobs and income for an underclass of Americans. Illegal activity in turn produces jobs in law enforcement, corrections, and the legal system. Who might say that drug trafficking contributes to society? a.      Functionalists b.      Bureaucrats c.       Rational choice theorists d.      Capitalists e.      Postmodernists

1.      To what does the term social structure refer? a.      A major feature of the natural landscape b.      A regularity or pattern in people’s behavior and relationships c.       The mental state of personality of an individual d.      Random events or actions that occur within a building or concrete structure e.      Any building constructed by more than one person

1.      Which of the following is an example of microsociology? a.      Observing the hierarchical structures within a university b.      Comparing cultural changes in industrial and postindustrial countries c.       Preparing a diagram outlining the interrelationships between political and economic institutions d.      Studying the social interactions in a coffee shop e.      Defining the organizational chart for a large corporation

1.      According to Max Weber, religious values played a fundamental role in developing the capitalistic outlook. a.      True b.      False

1.      One aspect of Émile Durkheim’s analysis of the social changed transforming society in his lifetime was: a.      The division of labor b.      “social physics” c.       The materialist conception of history d.      The rationalization of social and economic life e.      Symbolic interactionism