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Cards In This Set
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What is Distillation?
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A process which involves heating a substance until it vaporizes and then condensing the resulting vapour by cooling
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Where do we collect the condensate(distillate)?
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We collect the condensed vapour in a different vessel called a reciever
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What is this process very similar too?
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It is very similar to refluxing except in this case the condensate is collected in a diff. container
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What is the distillation technique used for?
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It is a useful method for seperating a mixture when the components of the mixture have diff. boiling points
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What other purpose does this distillation technique have?
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It is the principal method for purifying a liquid
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Distillation can occur under what set of conditions?
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1.one comp. must be volatile
2.if components are all volatile then there must be huge diff. between their boiling pts
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What is the 3rd requirment of the solution so that a distalltion can be performed on it?
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3.The components must not form an azeotrope
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What is the correct definition of Boiling pt
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It is the temp. at which the total vapour pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure
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What is special about a pure substance and its boiling point?
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The boiling point will remain constant throughout the entire distillation process
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What is special about a solution with two miscible substances and its boiling point?
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It varies constantly throughout the distillation process
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How do solutions form Azeotropes?
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They form when intermolecular interactions take place between the two components of the mixture
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What is special about Azeotropes with respect to their boiling pts.
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The solution distills at constant T. even though the two components have diff. boiling pts.
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What allows the repeated exchange of molecules between liquid and vapor phases for Fractional Distillation?
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Fractioning Column packed with round glass beads that help the repeated VAPs. and CONDs. to take place
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What two properties can be used to determine the purity of a liquid?
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The refractive index and the b.p
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What does refractive index depend on?
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It depends on the medium,the wavelength of light, temperature ,and number and kinds of atoms in a molecule
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