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Cards In This Set
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What are Enzymes and their function?
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Protiens and act as Biological catalysts.
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What is a Biological Catalyst?
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It helps to speed up the reaction rate of chemical reactions in the body.
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What is the initial investment of energy called?
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Activation Energy.(Required to start all reactions)
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Define catalyst.
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Speeds up chemical reaction without bieng consumed by the reaction by lowering the activation energy.
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What is the Active site?
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Part of enzyme that catalyzes reactions is called the active site.
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What is a substrate?
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Biological Reactant that binds to active site.
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What is it called when the active site has a specific shape that only allows a specific substrate to bind to it.
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Substrate Specificity.
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What two ways can you identify an enzyme by the name.
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1. Enzymes usually end in -ase
2. First part of nameis usually the substrate -E.g. Sucrase, Enzyme the catalyzes sucrose |
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What is the simple way to explain what enzymes do.
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Make and break bonds.
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What 2 models have been used to describe how enzymes work and what is the thought behind them.
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Lock and Key Model: Substrate (Key) fits perfectly into active site (Lock)
Induced Fit Model: Substrate enters the active site it inducesa change in the shape of the protein. -Stretches substrate and bending bonds, lowers activation energy |
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What are Coenzymes?
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Helper molecule that make a tight fit between enzyme and substrate. Organic (Vitamins)
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What are Cofactors?
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Helper Molecule that are needed to make a tight fit between enzyme and substrate. Inorganic (Minerals)
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What factors effect Enzyme activity? (6)
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Temperature, Volume of substrate and enymes, pH level. Aggitation, time.
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What causes the reaction to occur?
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Enzyme and substrate colliding randomly.
Increase of heat means molecules move more and faster so the reaction occurs faster. |
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What is it called when there is a temporary change of shape in the enzyme active site? Permanent?
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Temporary: Debatured
Permanent: Congulation |
