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Cards In This Set
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What are causes of illogic in argumentation?
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Ignorance, prejudice, lack of evidence, and ego
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What is it called when you attack someone's character instead of their argument? A personal attack?
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Ad Hominem
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What do you call an argument that assumes exactly what the argument is attempting to prove?
(Capital punishment deters crimes because it prevents criminals from committing crimes.) |
Begging the question
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What do you call oversimplification of reasoning that presents an issue in only two ways? Black and white?
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Either-Or reasoning
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What do you call intentionally using a word that has more than one meaning in order to mislead the reader or listener? ("Adjusting" some figures rather than cheating on taxes)
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Equivocation
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What is it called when you make a false comparison, like comparing apples to oranges?
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False analogy
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What do you call it when someone jumps to a broad conclusion based on too little evidence, such as stereotyping?
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Hasty generalization
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What is it called when you incorrectly attribute a cause and effect relationship?
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Post hoc fallacy
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What do you call it when you lead a reader astray by bringing up a different issue as bait to capture the reader's interest and distracting them from the real issue?
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Red herring
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What do call a false appeal to fear or suggesting that a single event or situation will trigger a series of seemingly catastrophic effects?
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Slippery slope
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What is it called when you justify wrongdoing by pointing to another's wrongdoing?
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Two wrongs make a right
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What is a dangerous fallacy of asserting that God has ordered or approves one's stand point, therefore no further justification is required and no serious challenge is possible?
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Appeal to heaven
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What is it called when an argument is said to be true because it has always been that way?
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Appeal to tradition
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What is is called when you create the illusion of having refuted a proposition by substituting it with a superficially similar yet unequivalent proposition, and refuting it, without ever having actually refuted the original position?
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Straw man argument
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What are the appeals in the Aristotelian model (in the correct order)?
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Ethos, Logos, and Pathos
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