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Cards In This Set
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Earthquake
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A sudden motion or trembling of the Earth caused by the abrupt release of slowly accumulated elastic energy in rocks.
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Seismic wave
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An elastic wave that travels through rock, produced by an earthquake or explosion
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Seismolgy
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The study of earthquakes and the nature of Earth's interior based on evidence from seismic waves
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Focus
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The initial rupture point of an earthquake, typically lying below the Earth's surface
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Epic center
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The point on the Earth's surface directly above the initial rupture point of an earthquake
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Body waves
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Seismic waves that travel thorough the interior of Earth, carrying energy from the earthquake's focus to the surface
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Surface waves
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Seismic waves that radiate from the earthquakes epicenter and travel along the surface of Earth or along a boundary between layers within Earth.
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Seismograph
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An instrument that records seismic waves
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Seismogram
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A graph that records arrival times of P and S earthquakes waves, used to measure the distance from a recording station to an earthquake epicenter.
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San Andreas Fault
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A zone of strike-slip faults extending from San Francisco to San Diego which forms the transform boundary between the pacific and North American plates
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Strike Slip Fault
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A fault whose surface is vertical but on which the rocks on opposite sides move horizontally
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Why do earthquakes generally occur along est. faults?
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stress builds up from two adjacent, moving lithospheric plates, when stress is released, an earthquakes forms.
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What is the difference between the two main types of body waves?
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P waves travel fast and move through air, liquid, and solid. While S waves are slow and only travel through solid.
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Explain how earthquakes cause tsunamis.
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When earthquakes occur under the sea, part of the sea floor rises and falls. Water is then "rocked" in response to the movement forming a large wave.
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