Can You List Down the Drugs Used in Midwifery Flashcards

Classification: Gastric antisecretoryUse: Stimulation of uterus resulting in contractionAction: Dug is converted in body into Prostaglandin E analogs, which inhibit gastric acid, Increases mucus, and bicarbonate production in stomachDosage/Route: 200 mcg qid with meals POSide Effects: Headache, cramps, menstrual disorders, spotting, polyuria, dysuria. Warning-can cause miscarriage and uterine ruptureContraindications: Hypersensitivity to drug/prostaglandins, pregnancy. Nursing Implications: Avoid breastfeeding, monitor VS esp BP, discontinue if possible pregnancy.

Classification: Progestational hormoneUse: Prevention of Pregnancy, also used for amenorrhea, abnormal abdominal bleedingAction: Inhibit pituitary gonadotropin, resulting in ovarian suppression; vaginal mucosa exhibits increased mucificationDose/Route: 150 mg q3mos IM injectionSide Effects: edema, breakthrough bleeding, spotting, menstrual flow change, acne, depression, thrombophlebitisContraindications: hypersensitivity with hx of thrombophlebitis, suspects breast malignancy, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, High risk of developing problems with dementia in postmenopausal > or equal to 65 y/o during treatment Nursing Implications: Avoid breastfeeding and pregnancy, menstrual changes may occur, teach procedure for breast self-exam

Classification: Analgesics-narcoticUse: Relief of severe pain, also preanesthetic sedationAction: Interference with pain impulses at subcortical level of brain, alter psychologic response to painDose/Route: 2-4mg q4-6h POSide Effects: lightheadedness, sedation, sweating, urinary retention, ureteral spasm, respiratory depressionContraindications: Hypersensitivity. Caution if pregnant, breastfeedingNursing Implications: Monitor VS, respiration, circulatory status, safety precautions, check for CNS depressent effect

Classification: LaxativeUse: produce a BM with a soft, formed stoolAction: Directly stimulates peristaltic activity of the intestinal tract, increase fluid level that results in defecation. Used for general constipationDose/Route: 5-15mg single dose dailySide effects: diarrhea, fatigue, risk impaired skin integrity, risk for deficient fluid volumeContraindications:Acute surgical abdomen, undiagnosed pain, appendicitis, fecal impaction, obstruction of intestinal tractNursing Implications: Use caution when pregnant, avoid breast-feeding, encourage fluid intake and increased activity

Classification: antiinfectiveUse: treatment of susceptible bacterial ocular infections, prophylaxis of gonococcal ophthalmic neonatorumAction: Inhibition of ribosomal protein synthesisDose/Route: Apply ribbon to eyes of neonates after birthSide Effects: burning, inflammation, itching, lacrimation, redness, Contrindications: hypersensitivity, fungal/viral ocular infectionsNursing Implications: Asses skin integrity and sensory perception

Classification: Antiinflammatory-analgesic, antipyreticUse: Relief of mild/moderate pain, reduce inflammation and feverAction: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesisDose/Route: 200-400-mg q4-6h POSide Effects: dizziness, abdominal pain,rash, thirstContraindications: aspirin hypersensitivity, treatment of perioperative pain, can increase risk of GI bleeding, ulcersNursing Implications: Administer with food to reduce GI irritation, encourage upright position for 15-30 minutes, avoid if breast-feeding

Classification: Analgesic, antiinflammatory Use: Short-term relief of pain for up to 5 daysAction: Analgesic activity appears related to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesisDose/Route: Im/IV: 15,30 mg/ml doseTablets: 10mg q4-6hSide Effects: dizziness, drowsiness, hypertension, impaired comfortContraindications: hypersensitivity, labor/delivery, nursing mothers, epidural/intraecal administrationNursing Implications: administer with food/milk, monitor for side effects

Classification: AnticonvulsantUse: prevent seizures in severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, or toxemia of pregnancy.Action: Inhibition of peropheral neuromuscular transmissionDose/Route: 4g(1-5g) IM q4h prn Side Effects: dressed reflexes, flushing, drowsiness, hypotensionContraindications: do not administer within 2h before delivery in toxemic pregnant womenNursing Implications: Monitor signs for seizure activity, emotional support, patellar reflex positive before dose given

Classification: oxytoxicUse: Treatment/prevention of postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony, may be given second stage of labor following delivery of anterior shoulderAction: increases uterine contraction force and frequencyDose/Route: 0.2 mg PO tid-qid up to 1wk OR 0.2 mg IM q2-4h prn up to 5 dosesSide Effects: headache, hypertension, possible symptoms of ergot poisoningContraindications:hypersensitivity, threatened spontaneous abortionNursing Implications: Caution with use, not routinely used before delivery, have emergency equipment available animal studies show adverse fetal effects

Classification: AnalgesicUse: Relief on moderate to severe painAction: interacts w/ various opioid receptors, producing analgesia and sedation (opioid agonist)Dose/Route: 10-15 mg epidural one timeSide Effects: oxygen saturation decrease, hypotension, urinary retention, constipation.Contraindications: hypersensitivity, respiratory depression asthma, upper airway obstruction, head trauma, labor and deliveryNursing Implications: Safe with lactation, monitor for possible adverse fetal effects

Classification: AnalgesicUse: Reliefe of moderate/severe pain, preop sedationAction: not determined, possible activity in subcortical areas in brainDose/Route: 10mg/70kg weight q3-6h IM/Iv/SC, do not exceed 20mg per doseSide Effects: sedation, dizziness, vertigo, autonomic responses, possible rashContraindications: hypersensitivity, use caution in breast-feeding mothers due to small amount of drug in the milkNursing Implications: caution with lactation

Classification: AntihistamineUse: Symptomatic treatment of allergic disorders medicated by histamine, pain caused by childbirthAction: non-selectively antagonizes central and peripheral histamine H1 receptors; possesses anticholinergic properties, resulting in antiemetic and sedative effects Dose/Route: 25-50 mg PO/IM/IV x1Side Effects: drowsiness, confusion, sedation, blurred vision, disorientationCOntraindications: hypersensitvity, neonates,nursing mothers, lower respiratory tract symptomsNursing Implications: Avoid breast-feeding; caution, results show adverse fetal effects

Classification: OxytocicsUse:to induce labor, strengthen labor contractions during childbirth, control bleeding after childbirth, or to induce an abortion.Action: binds to oxytocin receptors in myometrium, increasing intracellular Ca and stimulating uterine contractionsDose/Route: Postpartum: IV 10-40unit in 100ml ; Im 3-10unit after delivery of placentaAntepartum: Start IM/IV at 1-2mU/m slowly increase until contractions reach desired rateSide Effects: Cardiac arrhythmia,hypertensive episodes, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal brachycardia Contraindication: pregnancy, vaginal delivery, unfavorable fetal position, cephalopelvic disproportion fetal distress when delivery not imminentNursing Implications: Caution with fetal position and maturity, monitor mother and fetal VS, Safety precautions(uterine rupture/fetal distress)

Classification: ImmunosuppresantUse: used to suppress antibody formation in women with Rh blood after abortion/pregnancy termination up to and including week 12 of gestation unless father has Rh- blood. Also used to suppress antibody formation in woman with Rh- blood after delivery, abdominal trauma during pregnancyAction: exact mechanism of action unknown; suppresses immune response of Rh-negative pts to Rh-positive RBCsDose/ Route: Antepartum:300 mcg IM x1 at 28 wk gestation, then 300 mcg IM x1 w/in 72h of deliveryPostpartum: 300 mcg IM x1 w/in 72h of deliverySide Effects: Headache, lethargy, myalgia, localized stiffnessContraindications: hypersensitivity, Ph positive patients, Iv administration, antepartum prophylaxis at week 28Nursing Implications: Do not administer to infant, proceed with caution with lactation.