Drug Cards 2

Brand name: Pepcid
Generic name: famotidine
Classification: antiulcer agent / histamine
Preg Cat: B
Use: duodenal ulcers; GERD
Action: inhibits the action of histamine at the H-receptor site
Route: Adults- PO 40MG/day @ bedtime or 20MG BID for up to 8 weeks.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity; some products contains alcohol and should be avoided in patient with intolerance.
Adverse Reaction: confusion, dizziness, arrhythmias, oplastic anemia
Interaction: may (+) levels and toxicity with benzodiazepines.
Labs: monitor BC
Nursing: administer med before or immediately after meals @ bedtime to increase effect.

Brand name: coumadin
Generic name: warfilone
Classification: anticoagulant
Preg Cat: X
Use: treats venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, A-Fib helps prevent MI's
Action: interferes with hepatic synthesis of Vitamin K dependent clotting factors.
Route: Adults 2.5-10MG daily for 2-4 days
Contraindications: uncontrolled bleeding, open wounds, active ulcer disease, recent brain, eye, or spinal cord injury, OB
Adverse Reactions: cramps, nausea, dermal necrosis, bleeding, fever
Interactions: chronic alcohol ingestion, aspirin, foods high in vitamin K
Labs: PT, INR
Antidote: vitamin K
Nursing: patient needs to take as directed, review high vitamin K foods, avoid IM injections, and activities leading to injury.

.Brand Name: Valium
Generic Name: diazepam
Classification: antianxiety
Preg Cat: D
Schedule: 4
Uses: treats anxiety disorder
Action: depresses the CNS probably by potentiating the GABA neurotransmitter
Route: 2-10MG, 2-4 times a day PO
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, comatose patient, CNS depression, uncontrolled severe pain, OB, lactation
Adverse Reactions: dizziness, drowsiness, lethargy, depression, hangover, slurred speech, headache
Interactions: alcohol, antidepressants, antihistamines, opioid analgesics
Labs: evaluate hepatic and renal function, CBC
Antidote: Flumazenil
Nursing: do NOT confuse diazepam with lorazepam or ditropam, avoid alcohol, tell MD if pregnancy is planned or suspected.

.Brand name: Zofran
Generic name: ondansetron
Classification: antiemetics
Preg Cat: B
Use: prevention of N+V associated with chemo or radiation
Action: blocks the effects of serotonin @ 5-HT- receptor sites
Route: PO 8MG 30 minutes prior to chemo and repeated 8 hours later.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, phenulketonuria
Adverse Reactions: headache, dizziness, constipation, diarrhea.
Interactions: drugs altering activity of liver enzymes
Labs: may cause transit (+) in serum bilirubin, AST and ALT
Nursing: take as directed and notify MD with involuntary movement of eyes, face, and limbs

Brand name: Claritin
Generic name: loratadine
Classification: antihistamines
Preg Cat: B
Use: relief symptoms of seasonal allergies, chronic idiopathic urticaria
Action: blocks peripheral effects of histamine released during reaction
Route: PO 10 MG daily
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, OB, Lactation
Adverse Reactions: confusion: paradoxical excitation, blurred vision
Interactions: MAO inhibitors, CNS depressants, alcohol, antidepressants
Labs: may cause false negative result on allergy skin testing
Nursing: administer on a day, may cause dizziness, drowsiness, use sunscreen, avoid alcohol or other CNS depressants.

Brand name: Procardia
Generic name: NIFEdipine
Classification: antianginals
Preg Cat: C
Use: hypertension, angina pectoris, vasopastic angina
Action: inhibits calcium transport into myocardial and vascular system
Route: 10-30MG T.I.D.
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, sick, sinus syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree AV block, BP <90 mmhg
Adverse Reactions: headache, peripheral edema, flushing, arrhythmia, CHF, stevens- johnson syndrome.
Interactions: additive hypotension may occur when used concurrently with fentanyl, hypertensives, nitrates, acute ingestion of alcohol, or quinidine
Labs: total serum calcium concentration are not affected by calcium channel blockers
Antidote: None listed
Nursing: teach patient how to monitor pulse, caution patient to change position slowly, tell patient to avoid concurrent drinking of alcohol.

Brand name: Prinivil
Generic name: lisinopril
Classification: antihypertensives
Preg cat: C during first trimester and D for the 2nd and 3rd
Use: hypertension, CHF, prevention of MI
Action: Ace inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin 2
Route: 10 MG daily can be increased up to 20-40 MG a day
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, history of angioedema with previous use of ACE inhibitors, OB, lactation
Adverse Reactions: cough, hypotension, taste disturbances, agranulocytosis, angioedema
Interactions: diuretics, antihypertensives, potassium supplements, NSAIDS, antacids
Labs: none listed
Antidote: none listed
Nursing: avoid salt substitutes or foods containing high potassium . change position slowly, call MD before taking any cold or allergy remedies, tell doctor about medication before any treatment or surgery

Brand name: Lanoxin
Generic name: digoxin
Classification: antiarrhythmics
Preg Cat: C
Uses: treatment of CHF, tachyarrhythmias, A-fib, atrial flutter
Action: increases the force of myocardial contraction
Route: PO 0.5-1-0 MG given as 50% of the dose initially and one quarter of initial dose in each of 2 subsequent doses at 6-12 hour intervals
Contraindications: hypersensitivity, uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, AV block, known alcohol intolerance
Adverse Reactions: arrhythmais, bradycards, fatigue, anorexia, nausea, vomiting
Interactions: thiazide, loop diuretics, piperacillin, ticarcillin, laxatives
Labs: evaluate serum electrolyte and renal and hepatic functions
Antidote: digibind
Nursing: teach patient to take pulse if <60 or >100 do not take med. review signs and symptoms of digitalis toxicity, keep in the same container, do not mix with other pills

Brand name: Inderal
Generic name: propranolol
Classification: antianginals
Preg Cat: C
Use: management of hypertension, angina, arrythmias, hypertropic, cardiomyopathy,essential tremors
Action: blocks the stimulation of beta 1 (myocardial) and beta 2 (pulmonary, vascular and uterina) aderenergic receptor sites.
Route: PO 80-320Mg daily divided into 2-4 doses or once daily as extended or sustained release capsules
Contraindications: uncompensated CHF, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, bradycardia or heart block
Adverse Reactions: fatigue, weakness, arrhythmias, bradycardia, CHF, pulmonary edema, erectile dysfunction
Interactions: general anesthesia, IV phenytoin and verapamil, digoxin, antihypertension, alcohol, nitrates
Labs: may cause (+) BUN, serum lipoprotein, potassium, triglyceride and uric acid levels
Antidote: Glucagon has been used to treat bradycardia and hypotension
Nursing: make sure patient has enough to last through weekends and holidays, teach patient how take pulse <50 call doctor, may cause dizziness, drowsiness

Brand name: Apo-Hydro
Generic name: hydrochlorothiazide
Classification: antihypertensives
Preg Cat: B
Use: management of mild to moderate hypertension, treatment of edema associate with CHF, renal dysfunction
Action: increases excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium reabsoption in the distal tubule
Route: PO 12.5-100 MG daily divided into 1-2 doses (up to 200MG a day)
Contraindications: hypersensitivity (cross sensitivity with other thiazides or sulfonamides may exist)
Adverse Reactions: dizziness, lethargy, weakness, hypokalemia
Interactions: antihypertensives, alcohol, nitrates, digoxin, NSAIDS
Labs: none listed
Antidote: none listed
Nursing: teach patient a calibrated dropper for measuring hydrochlorothiazide concentrated oral solution. monitor weight biweekly, change position slowly, tell patient to report muscle weakness, cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or dizziness

Brand name: Lasix
Generic name: furosemide
Classification: diuretics
Preg Cat: C
Uses: edema due to heart failure, hepatic impairment or renal disease, hypertension
Action: inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the loop of henle and distal renal tubule
Route: PO 20-80 Mg daily as a single dose may repeat in 6-8 hours. may increase to 20-40Mg q 6-8 hours
Contraindication: hypersenstivity, cross sensitivity with thiazide and sulfonamides may occur
Advers Reactions: dehydration, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypovalemia, metabolic alkalosis, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis
Interactions: antihypertensives, nitrates, alcohol, diuretics, stimulant laxatives, digoxin, aminoglycosides
Labs: none listed
Antidote: none listed
Nursing: patient to change position slowly. contact health care provider regaurding diet with high potassium, notify MD if patient gains more thn 3 lbs in one day

Brand name: Caltrate
Generic name: calcium carbonate
Classification: mineral and electrolyte replacements/ supplements
Preg Cat: UK
Use: treatment and prevention of hypocalcemia, adjunct in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Actions: essential for nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems, maintain cell membrane and capillary permeability
Route: PO 10.5-1.5 G as needed
Contraindications: hypercalcemia, renal calculi, ventricular fibrillation
Adverse Reactions: arrythmias, constipation,
Interactions: antacids, digoxin, tetracyclines, iron sales, calcium channel blockers, diuretics,
Labs: monitor serum calcium or ionized calcium chloride, sodium, potassium, magnesium, albumin, parathyroid hormone, concentrations before and during
Antidote none listed
Nursing: do not take enteric coated tablets within 1 hr of calcium carbonate this will result in premature dissolution of tablets, do not serve with food containing large amount of oxalic acid, take medication on regular schedule, avoid tobacco or alcohol or alot of caffeine.

Brand name: Lortab, vicodin
Generic name: hydrocodone/acetaminophen
Classification: opioid analgesics
Preg Cat: C
Schedule: 3
Use: management of moderate to severe pain
Action: bind to opiate receptors in the CNS. alter the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression
Route: PO 2.5-10MG q 3-6 hours
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to hydrocodone or other opioids
Adverse Reactions: confusion, dizziness, sedation, hypotension, constipation, dyspepsia, nausea
Interactions: MAO inhibitors, alcohol, antihistamines, sedative/hypnotics
Labs: may cause (+) plasma amylase and lipase concentration
Antidote: Narcan
Nursing: teach patient how and when to ask for medication, may cause drowsiness, or dizziness, change positions slowly, avoid alcohol

Brand name: Cortone Generic name: prednisone Class: antiasthmatics Peg Cat: c&d Use: management of adrenalcortical insufficiency. Action: supress inflammation and the normal immune response Route: PO 0.6-7.2 MG/day IM 0.5-9Mg Contraindications: Active untreated infections, lactation, known alcohol, bisulfite or tartazine hypersensitivity or intolerance, administration of live virus vaccines. Adverse Reactions: depression, euphoria, peptic ulceration, anorexia, musea, acne, decrease wound healing, ecchymoses, fragility, hirsutism, petechiae, muscle wasting Interactions: thiazide, loop diuretics, amphotericin B, digoxin, insulin, phenytonin Labs: serum electrolytes, glucose,CBC, WBS Antidote: none listed NursingL monito I&O, edema, conciousness, headache, signs of chrones disease, adrenal insufficiency and daily weight

Brand name: Glucophage Generic name: melformin Classification: antidiabetic Preg Cat: B Use: management of type 2 DM Action: (-) hepatic glucose production. (-) intestinal BS absorption (+) senstivity to insulin Route: PO 500 MG BID Contraindications: hypersensitivity, signifigant hepatic/renal impairment. HX of drug induced hemolytic anemia Adverse Reactions: diarrhea, unpleasant metalic taste, (-) vit. B12, Lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia, N&V Interactions: alcohol, iodinated contrast media, amiloride, digoxin, morphine Labs: serum glucose levels Antidote: none listed Nursing: asses ketones, glucose, electrolytes & blood PH, take at same time every day, avoid alcohol, may cause metalic taste